Table 2. Comparison of the baseline characteristics and treatments of the patients with and without cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.
| With CMV infection (n = 13) |
Without CMV infection (n = 98) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men / women, n | 6 / 7 | 30 / 68 | 0.260 |
| Age, years | 76 [72–80] | 69 [63–76] | 0.030 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.0 [21.4–25.1] | 20.7 [18.9–23.4] | 0.029 |
| HBs Ag positive, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.0) | 0.720 |
| ILD, n (%) | 4 (30.1) | 42 (42.9) | 0.406 |
| Classification | |||
| MPA, n (%) | 4 (30.8) | 60 (61.2) | 0.037 |
| GPA, n (%) | 7 (53.8) | 15 (15.3) | 0.001 |
| EGPA, n (%) | 2 (15.4) | 10 (10.2) | 0.572 |
| Unclassifiable, n (%) | 0 (0) | 13 (13.3) | 0.162 |
| Severity | |||
| Localized, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.9) | 0.715 |
| Early systemic, n (%) | 2 (1.8) | 30 (27.0) | 0.255 |
| Generalized, n (%) | 4 (30.8) | 52 (53.1) | 0.131 |
| Severe, n (%) | 7 (53.8) | 15 (15.3) | 0.001 |
| Disease newly diagnosed at enrollment, n (%) | 1 (7.7) | 10 (10.2) | 0.776 |
| Complication of diabetes, n (%) | 3 (23.1) | 17 (17.3) | 0.630 |
| MPO-ANCA positive, n (%) | 11 (84.6) | 79 (80.6) | 0.379 |
| PR3-ANCA positive, n (%) | 0 (0) | 9 (9.2) | 0.246 |
| BVAS | 16 [14–23] | 13 [9–18] | 0.018 |
| Laboratory data | |||
| WBC, /μL | 13000 [10035–18390] | 10200 [7980–13310] | 0.097 |
| Neu, /μL | 9337.5 [7719.5–12260] | 7791.5 [5845–10450] |
0.174 |
| Lym, /μL | 1158.5 [900.5–1822.75] | 1241 [974–1676.5] | 0.782 |
| HbA1c, % | 6.4 [6.0–6.7] | 6.0 [5.8–6.5] | 0.197 |
| Cre, mg/dL | 2.01 [0.96–3.02] | 1.03 [0.68–2.26] | 0.076 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 26.38 [13.07–56.43] | 46.04 [18.42–71.56] | 0.105 |
| CRP, mg/dL | 11.2 [5.36–17.02] | 5.32 [1.56–11.45] | 0.018 |
| Treatment | |||
| mPSL pulse use, n (%) | 6 (46.2) | 29 (29.6) | 0.227 |
| Initial dose of PSL, mg/day | 40 [37.5–50] | 40 [30–50] | 0.786 |
| PSL/Weight, mg/kg | 0.798 [0.584–0.925] | 0.840 [0.672–0.965] | 0.329 |
| New concomitant use of immunosuppressant, n | 10 | 82 | 0.544 |
| Initiation of cyclophosphamide, n | 10 | 69 | 0.626 |
Data are presented median and numbers in brackets indicate interquartile range (IQR). CMV, cytomegalovirus; BMI, body mass index; HBs Ag, hepatitis B surface antigen; ILD, interstitial lung disease; MPA, microscopic polyangiitis; GPA, granulomatosis with polyangiitis; EGPA, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis; ANCA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; BVAS, Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score; WBC, white blood cells; Neu, neutrophils; Lym, lymphocytes; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; Cre, creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; CRP, C-reactive protein; mPSL, methylprednisolone.