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. 2019 Jul 10;10:3031. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10703-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Impaired fetal thymic development in preeclampsia. a Nepean cohort 1: Virtual organ computer-aided analysis calculation of the fetal thymus volume at 26 weeks of gestation, showing three orthogonal planes (left top: transverse, right top: coronal, left down: sagittal) and reconstructed thymus volume (right down). b Dot plot showing fetal thymus volumes in different gestational weeks in both non-preeclamptic (n = 50, black dots) and preeclamptic (n = 50, red dots) groups. Mean ± SD: 2.6 ± 1.3 mL and 1.6 ± 1.2 mL, respectively (p < 0.001, unpaired t-test). c Nepean cohort 2: Fetal thymus diameter measurement: an axial view of the fetal thymus was obtained, within a standard image of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). Then a line was drawn connecting the fetal spine and sternum (I). Fetal thymus diameter was measured as its greatest diameter (II), perpendicular to line I. Sp = spine, S = superior vena cava, A = aorta, P = pulmonary artery. Scale bar = 5 mm. d Dot plot showing fetal thymus diameter in different gestational weeks in both non-preeclamptic (n = 863, black dots) and preeclamptic (n = 24, red dots) groups, adjusted means were 18.3 mm and 16.5 mm, respectively (p < 0.001, unpaired t-test)