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. 2019 Jul 10;9:10004. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46473-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Survival prediction based on T helper cell type 1/2 (Th-1/Th-2) status and immune checkpoint activity in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). (a) Index calculated from combined methods of random survival forests analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). (b) Kaplan-Meier analysis on the survival prediction formula in 31 patients with PCNSL. The patients were divided into two subgroups with high (black line) and low (red line) scores from the median score calculated based on the formula. (c) Kaplan-Meier analysis of the expression levels of representative genes for immune checkpoint. CD40 and CD70 as stimulatory checkpoint genes. Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3), programmed cell death ligand 2 (PDCD1LG2), and programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1) as inhibitory checkpoint genes. The patients were divided into two subgroups with high (black line) and low (red line) expression by the median expression of the gene. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value from log rank test were calculated. OS; overall survival.