Cytochrome P450 1B1-deficient (Cyp1b1−/−) retinal astrocytes (ACs) express reduced levels of inflammatory mediators. A–C: expression levels of various inflammatory factors assessed by real-time quantitative (q)PCR analysis: bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) (A); monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
(MCP-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) (B); and IL-1β, IL-6, INF-γ, and TNF-α (C). D: VEGF-A amounts determined by ELISA in both conditioned medium (CM) and AC lysates (CML). E: expression levels of various VEGF-A isoforms determined by real-time qPCR. Please note a significant decrease in the levels of BMP-7 and MCP-1 (**P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001; n = 3). RpL13A, 60S ribosomal protein L13a.