ASK1 associates with Nox1 and LRRC8A. A: VSMCs were stimulated with TNFα (10 ng/ml) for the indicated times, immunoprecipitated with anti-ASK1, and immunoblotted with anti-Nox1, anti-LRRC8A, and anti-ASK1 antibodies. B and C: protein expression quantification of immunoprecipitated samples normalized to the abundance of the proteins in the cell lysate of each sample (n = 3). ASK1, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1; LRRC8A, leucine rich repeat containing 8A; Nox1, NADPH oxidase 1; VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell. *P < 0.05 vs. 0 min exposure to TNFα.