Table 2.
Odds ratios (OR) for endometrial cancer associated with the highest quintile vs the lowest quintile (Q5 vs Q1) of circulating androgens and androgen metabolites
| Androgen or androgen metabolite | Model 1* |
Model 2† |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | Ptrend‡ | OR (95% CI) | Ptrend‡ | |
| Parent androgens | ||||
| DHEA | 1.85 (1.06 to 3.25) | .07 | 1.67 (0.94 to 2.96) | .15 |
| DHEAS | 1.31 (0.76 to 2.26) | .36 | 1.20 (0.69 to 2.09) | .53 |
| Androstenedione§ | 2.36 (1.34 to 4.16) | .01 | 2.01 (1.12 to 3.60) | .06 |
| Testosterone | 1.91 (1.12 to 3.24) | .01 | 1.55 (0.89 to 2.69) | .08 |
| 5α pathway | ||||
| 5α-androstanedione | 1.13 (0.66 to 1.92) | .28 | 0.99 (0.57 to 1.71) | .54 |
| DHT | 1.04 (0.61 to 1.78) | .74 | 0.94 (0.55 to 1.62) | .93 |
| DHTS | 1.27 (0.75 to 2.17) | .51 | 1.18 (0.69 to 2.02) | .68 |
| ADT | 0.93 (0.55 to 1.57) | .48 | 0.89 (0.52 to 1.52) | .67 |
| ADT-G | 1.34 (0.75 to 2.39) | .88 | 1.19 (0.66 to 2.15) | .80 |
| 3α-diol-3G | 1.62 (0.91 to 2.91) | .77 | 1.42 (0.78 to 2.56) | .93 |
| 3α-diol-17G | 1.13 (0.65 to 1.98) | .93 | 1.04 (0.58 to 1.84) | .67 |
| Marker of androgenic activity | ||||
| Sum of ADT-G + 3α-diol-3G + 3α-diol-17G | 1.39 (0.77 to 2.52) | .99 | 1.23 (0.67 to 2.23) | .68 |
| 5β pathway | ||||
| Etio-G | 1.23 (0.72 to 2.10) | .36 | 1.13 (0.66 to 1.95) | .57 |
| Parent estrogens | ||||
| Unconjugated estrone | 2.63 (1.49 to 4.66) | .0001 | — | |
| Unconjugated estradiol | 5.28 (2.64 to 10.59) | .0001 | — | |
| Ratios | ||||
| 5α-androstanedione: Androstenedione | 0.74 (0.43 to 1.27) | .22 | 0.79 (0.46 to 1.36) | .35 |
| Unconjugated estrone: Androstenedione | 2.18 (1.19 to 3.98) | .02 | — | |
| DHT: Testosterone | 0.52 (0.31 to 0.88) | .02 | 0.59 (0.35 to 1.01) | .10 |
| Unconjugated estradiol: Testosterone§ | 2.56 (1.38 to 4.75) | .002 | — | |
The models for each androgen or androgen metabolite were run separately and adjusted for gravidity, smoking status, body mass index, duration of oral contraceptive use, and age at menarche (conditioned on matching factors). Full results for all quintiles are available as Supplementary Material (available online). 3α-diol-3G = 5α-androstane 3α,17β diol-3-glucuronide; 3α-diol-17G = 5α-androstane 3α, 17β diol-17-glucuronide; ADT = androsterone; ADT-G = ADT-glucuronide; CI = confidence interval; DHEA = dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEAS = dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; DHT = dihydrotestosterone; DHTS = dihydrotestosterone sulfate; etio-G = etiocholanolone-glucuronide.
Models adjusted for factors from model 1 plus unconjugated estradiol. Results not shown for models in which unconjugated estrogens were exposures.
P trend across quintiles of a given androgen or androgen metabolite.
Effect estimates comparing the 5th vs 1st quintile (from model 1) that were statistically significant using a Bonferroni correction threshold of P < .003.