Experimental paradigm. A, Rule-visible task. Each trial began with a fixation point (FP) signaling, by its color, a prosaccade or antisaccade trial. A stimulus then appeared either 8° to either the left or right. B, Rule-memorized task. Same as A, but the color of the FP changed to white 800–1000 ms before stimulus presentation. This required the monkey to memorize the task rule.