Table 3.
Main characteristics of the patients with non-monogenic diabetes, class 3 variants, and class 4–5 variants
| Non-monogenica | Class 3 variants | Class 4–5 variants | p class 3 vs. non-monogenic | p class 3 vs. class 4–5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 1241 | 59 | 254 | – | – |
| N inclusion criteria: 2/3 | 486/755 | 20/39 | 56/198 | 0.4949 | 0.0643 |
| Sex: female/men, n (%) | 619/622 (50%) | 34/25 (58%) | 168/86 (66%) | 0.2867 | 0.2295 |
| EuroCaucasian: yes/no | 600/499 (55%) | 28/26 (52%) | 192/37 (84%) | 0.7799 | < 10−4 |
| N affected generations ≥ 3, yes/no | 581/631 (48%) | 34/25 (58%) | 144/105 (58%) | 0.1818 | 1.0000 |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 31 [25–39] (1239) | 31 [26–37.5] (59) | 24 [18–30] (254) | 0.8811 | < 10−4 |
| BMI at diagnosis, kg/2 (n) | 24.2 [21.6–27.7] (1107) | 23.7 [21.7–27.3] (51) | 21.8 [20.1–24.2] (221) | 0.8219 | 0.0007 |
| BMI: normal/increased, n (%) | 642/475 (57%) | 29/23 (56%) | 180/43 (81%) | 0.8861 | 0.0005 |
| Symptoms at diagnosis: yes/no | 461/702 (40%) | 15/40 (27%) | 37/204 (15%) | 0.0677 | 0.0484 |
| HbA1c at diagnosis, % (n) | 9.6 [7–12] (588) | 8.2 [6.8–11.6] (35) | 6.7 [6.3–8.7] (157) | 0.4888 | 0.0014 |
| HbA1c at diagnosis, mmol/mol (n) | 81 [53–108] | 66 [51–103] | 50 [45–72] | 0.4888 | 0.0014 |
| Insulin therapy: yes/no | 339/768 (31%) | 14/37 (27%) | 38/189 (17%) | 0.7560 | 0.1098 |
| Arterial hypertension: yes/no | 214/538 (28%) | 8/32 (20%) | 23/133 (15%) | 0.2826 | 0.4667 |
| Dyslipidemia: yes/no | 235/461 (34%) | 12/26 (32%) | 23/116 (17%) | 0.8613 | 0.0635 |
Values are actual numbers with percentages into parentheses, or median with interquartile range into brackets and numbers of values into parentheses
BMI body mass index
aNon-monogenic, no genetic etiology detected by targeted NGS on 7 genes