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. 2019 Jun 24;30(7):1271–1281. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2018101036

Table 6.

Multivariable association of severity of AKI and change (fold increase) in level of urine protein-to-creatinine ratio using an AKI versus matched non-AKI episode modeling approach (i.e., comparing only a single pair of pre- and post-study visits urine protein-to-creatinine ratios) overall and analyses that exclude receipt of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker or systolic BP level

Comparisons Full Model Model Excluding Receipt of ACE-I/ARB Model Excluding Systolic BP Level
Relative Risk (95% CI) P Value Relative Risk (95% CI) P Value Relative Risk (95% CI) P Value
AKI stage 1 between study visits (versus no AKI) 1.03 (0.92 to 1.16) 0.59 1.03 (0.92 to 1.16) 0.57 1.00 (0.88 to 1.12) 0.95
AKI stage 2 between study visits (versus no AKI) 1.07 (0.91 to 1.26) 0.43 1.07 (0.90 to 1.26) 0.44 1.06 (0.90 to 1.26) 0.48
AKI stage 3 between study visits (versus no AKI) 1.32 (1.12 to 1.55) <0.001 1.32 (1.13 to 1.56) <0.001 1.29 (1.09 to 1.53) <0.01

ACE-I, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.