Table 3.

Multivariate Cox Regression Analyses to Identify the Risk Factors of Incident Diabetes Mellitus in Subgroups Divided by Baseline BMI and BMI Change Over Time

NAFLD status overtime	Baseline obesity				BMI change
	Nonobese group (n=2,000)		Obese group (n=726)		Decreased BMI (n=874)		Increased BMI (n=1,852)
	HR (95% CI)	p-value	HR (95% CI)	p-value	HR (95% CI)	p-value	HR (95% CI)	p-value
No NAFLD	1 (Reference)
Resolved NAFLD	1.87 (0.53–6.54)	0.330	0.493 (0.06–4.24)	0.519	1.38 (0.44–4.35)	0.579	1.75 (0.42–7.36)	0.412
Incident NAFLD	2.51 (1.27–4.95)	0.008	1.73 (0.57–5.27)	0.333	2.68 (1.08–6.65)	0.034	2.41 (1.12–5.20)	0.025
Persistent NAFLD	4.78 (2.45–9.35)	<0.001	2.71 (1.04–7.09)	0.042	2.18 (1.03–4.62)	0.042	5.51 (2.55–11.91)	<0.001

Adjusted for age, sex, fasting glucose, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and baseline alanine transaminase levels.

HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.