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. 2019 Jul 5;9:239. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00239

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Copyright © 2019 Zhai, Xue, Zhang, Yang, Zhao and Zhang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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BCS from A. muciniphila ATCC and 139 exert anti-inflammatory but no immune-modulatory properties in vitro. (A) IL-8 concentration produced by HT-29 cells. Control, negative control without TNF-α stimulation; n.d., non-detectable. (B) Foxp3+ Tregs in the CD4+ T cells (CD3+ CD4+) detected by flow cytometry. Cytokines hTGF-β and rmIL-2 were added to facilitate the expression of Foxp3+ Treg cells. Data are the frequency of the Foxp3+ Treg cells among the CD3+ CD4+ cell population. Control, cells without cytokines. All the data are shown are means ± s.e.m., n = 3 for all groups. Values of each group were calculated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.