Table 5.
Rates of HIV seroconversion and transmission among HIV serodiscordant couples: univariate analysis from female index cases
| Characteristic | Spouses | Transmission | Rate (%) | χ2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education level | |||||
| Primary school and below | 29 | 3 | 10.34 | 2.002 | 0.367 |
| Middle school | 32 | 7 | 21.88 | ||
| High school | 3 | 1 | 33.33 | ||
| Route of infection | |||||
| Paid blood donors (slurry) | 11 | 2 | 18.18 | 1.000 | 0.606 |
| Transfusion | 16 | 4 | 25.00 | ||
| Heterosexual transmission | 37 | 5 | 13.51 | ||
| CD4 counts at first visit (cells/μl) | |||||
| Not detected* | 9 | 3 | 33.33 | 6.965 | 0.073 |
| <150 | 15 | 1 | 6.67 | ||
| 150+ | 19 | 1 | 5.26 | ||
| 300+ | 21 | 6 | 28.57 | ||
| CD4 counts at the end (cells/μl) | |||||
| Not detected* | 9 | 3 | 33.33 | 7.696 | 0.053 |
| <150 | 5 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
| 150+ | 11 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
| 300+ | 39 | 8 | 20.51 | ||
| PVL at first visit (copies/ml) | |||||
| Not detected* | 30 | 8 | 26.67 | 3.937 | 0.140 |
| <300 | 27 | 2 | 7.41 | ||
| ⩾300 | 7 | 1 | 14.29 | ||
| PVL at the end (copies/ml) | |||||
| Not detected* | 26 | 8 | 30.77 | 6.342 | 0.042 |
| <300 | 34 | 3 | 8.82 | ||
| ⩾300 | 4 | 0 | |||
| Age confirmed** | |||||
| ⩽25 | 13 | 1 | 7.69 | 1.564 | 0.668 |
| 25+ | 25 | 5 | 20.00 | ||
| 35+ | 18 | 4 | 22.22 | ||
| 45–70 | 8 | 1 | 12.50 | ||
| Age infected*** | |||||
| ⩽25 | 26 | 2 | 7.69 | 5.619 | 0.132 |
| 25+ | 25 | 6 | 24.00 | ||
| 35+ | 9 | 3 | 33.33 | ||
| 45–70 | 4 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
| Age of first sexual contact | |||||
| ⩽25 | 24 | 2 | 8.33 | 4.519 | 0.211 |
| 25+ | 25 | 6 | 24.00 | ||
| 35+ | 11 | 3 | 27.27 | ||
| 45–70 | 4 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
| Sexual activity before diagnosis | |||||
| ⩾3 times/week | 15 | 4 | 26.67 | 2.320 | 0.509 |
| 1–2 times/week | 28 | 4 | 14.29 | ||
| Semi-monthly | 8 | 2 | 25.00 | ||
| Once more than half a month | 13 | 1 | 7.69 | ||
| Condom use | |||||
| Never used | 51 | 11 | 21.57 | 5.550 | 0.062 |
| Sometimes used | 12 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
| Used every time | 1 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
| Period in time | |||||
| 2006 and before | 13 | 4 | 30.00 | 2.442 | 0.295 |
| 2007+ | 21 | 2 | 9.52 | ||
| 2011+ | 30 | 5 | 16.67 |