Table 2.
Characteristics of N = 341 children with acute respiratory tract infection due to RSV-A, stratified by settinga and RSV-A subtype (RSV-A ON1 vs. RSV-A non-ON1); Bavaria (Germany), 2010/11–2016/17
| Pediatric practice (PP) | Pediatric ward (PW) | Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ON1 | non-ON1 | p | ON1 | non-ON1 | p | ON1 | non-ON1 | p | |
| N = 60 (100) | N = 12 (100) | – | N = 138 (100) | N = 27 (100) | – | N = 49 (100) | N = 55 (100) | – | |
| Female sex | 28 (46.7) | 4 (33.3) | 0.53 | 55 (39.9) | 16 (59.3) | 0.88 | 20 (40.8) | 27 (49.1) | 0.44 |
| Age, years | 2.5 (1.9; 3.7) | 2.4 (1.9; 3.4) | 0.75 | 1.1 (0.5; 2.3) | 1.4 (0.6; 2.9) | 0.50 | 0.3 (0.1; 1.5) | 0.2 (0.1; 0.5) | 0.02 |
| Age, month | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3.4 (1.7; 18.3) | 1.8 (1.5; 6.4) | 0.02 |
| Premature birth | 3 (5.0) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | 17 (12.3) | 4 (14.8) | 0.75 | 17 (34.7) | 9 (16.4) | 0.04 |
| Other preexisting conditionb | 6 (10.0) | 2 (16.7) | 0.61 | 52 (37.7) | 6 (22.2) | 0.19 | 13 (26.5) | 10 (18.2) | 0.35 |
| Viral coinfectionc | 29 (48.3) | 7 (58.3) | 0.75 | 46 (33.3) | 12 (44.4) | 0.28 | 22 (44.9) | 16 (29.1) | 0.11 |
| Considered severe | 1 (1.7) | 1 (8.3) | 0.31 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Considered life threatening | – | – | – | – | – | – | 7 (15.9) | 10 (18.9) | 0.79 |
| Cough | 48 (80.0) | 9 (75.0) | 0.71 | 107 (77.5) | 27 (100) | < 0.01 | 41 (83.7) | 44 (80.0) | 0.80 |
| Rhinitis | 47 (78.3) | 10 (83.3) | 1.00 | 83 (60.1) | 21 (77.8) | 0.13 | 36 (73.5) | 32 (58.2) | 0.14 |
| Refusal to eat / drink | 5 (8.3) | 1 (8.3) | 1.00 | 65 (47.1) | 17 (63.0) | 0.15 | 25 (51.0) | 35 (63.6) | 0.24 |
| Tachypnea | – | – | – | 53 (38.4) | 10 (37.0) | 1.00 | 44 (89.8) | 43 (78.2) | 0.12 |
| Fever | 59 (100) | 12 (100) | – | 68 (49.3) | 12 (44.4) | 0.68 | 17 (34.7) | 16 (29.1) | 0.67 |
| Fever, °C | 39.8 (39.0; 40.2) | 39.3 (39.1; 40.3) | 0.91 | 38.7 (38.2; 39.3) | 39.2 (38.5; 39.8) | 0.07 | 38.8 (38.3; 39.0) | 39.0 (38.8; 39.4) | 0.20 |
| Bronchitis / Bronchiolitis | 26 (43.3) | 4 (33.3) | 0.75 | 68 (49.3) | 9 (33.3) | 0.15 | 37 (75.5) | 47 (85.5) | 0.22 |
| Pneumonia | 5 (8.3) | 0 (0) | 0.58 | 36 (26.1) | 11 (40.7) | 0.16 | 35 (71.4) | 37 (67.3) | 0.68 |
| Sec. bacterial pneumonia | – | – | – | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | 15 (30.6) | 11 (20.0) | 0.26 |
| Symptoms, days | 11 (8.5; 14) | 10.5 (7; 13.5) | 0.91 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Hospital stay, days | – | – | – | 3.0 (2.0; 5.0) | 4.0 (3.0; 6.0) | 0.10 | 8.0 (6.5; 12.0) | 7.0 (5.0; 9.0) | 0.02 |
| PICU stay, days | – | – | – | – | – | – | 5.0 (3.0; 7.5) | 4.0 (2.0; 7.3) | 0.23 |
| Oxygen | – | – | – | 59 (42.8) | 12 (44.4) | 1.00 | 47 (95.9) | 46 (83.6) | 0.06 |
| Oxygen, days | – | – | – | 3.0 (1.8; 5.0) | 2.0 (1.8; 5.3) | 0.77 | 6.0 (4.0; 9.0) | 4.0 (2.0; 6.0) | 0.03 |
| CPAP | – | – | – | – | – | – | 20 (40.8) | 16 (29.1) | 0.22 |
| CPAP, days | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.5 (2.0; 4.8) | 2.5 (2.0; 5.5) | 0.89 |
| Mechanical ventilation | – | – | – | – | – | – | 7 (14.3) | 4 (7.3) | 0.34 |
| Mechanical ventilation, days | – | – | – | – | – | – | 6.5 (2.5, 8.5) | 6.0 (2.3; 12.0) | 0.91 |
| Well-being at discharge | – | – | – | 137 (99.3) | 27 (100) | 1.00 | 48 (98.0) | 53 (96.4) | 1.00 |
| Well-being 14 days past visit | 53 (89.8) | 11 (91.7) | 1.00 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Data shown are number of cases (percent of N) or median (quartiles). P-values were derived using Fisher’s exact test or Mann-Whitney U-test, as appropriate. P-values in boldface indicate statistical significance
aNote that data from PP, PW and PICU were collected during different seasons (PP: 2012/13–2014/15, PW: 2011/12–2016/17, PICU: 2010/11–2016/17), and in different age groups (PP 1–5 years, PW and PICU up to 16 years)
bIncluding mainly chronic lung disease (11% of 341patients), chronic neurological disorders (9%), cardiac malformation (6%), and immunocompromising conditions (4%)
cRefers to coinfection with a different respiratory virus detected in the initial multiplex PCR