Table 1.
IC50 and selectivity index of IVM
| Compound | Babesia and Theileria | IC50 (μM)a | EC50 (μM)b | Selective indicesc | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDBK | NIH/3 T3 | HFF | MDBK | NIH/3 T3 | HFF | |||
| IVM | B. bovis | 53.3 ± 4.8 | 138.9 ± 4.9 | 283.8 ± 3.6 | 287.5 ± 7.6 | 2.6 | 5.3 | 5.4 |
| B. bigemina | 98.6 ± 5.7 | 138.9 ± 4.9 | 283.8 ± 3.6 | 287.5 ± 7.6 | 1.4 | 2.9 | 2.9 | |
| B. divergens | 30.1 ± 2.2 | 138.9 ± 4.9 | 283.8 ± 3.6 | 287.5 ± 7.6 | 4.6 | 9.4 | 9.6 | |
| B. caballi | 43.7 ± 3.7 | 138.9 ± 4.9 | 283.8 ± 3.6 | 287.5 ± 7.6 | 3.2 | 6.5 | 6.6 | |
| T. equi | 90.1 ± 8.1 | 138.9 ± 4.9 | 283.8 ± 3.6 | 287.5 ± 7.6 | 1.5 | 3.1 | 3.2 | |
aHalf-maximal inhibition concentration of ivermectin on the in vitro culture of parasites. The value was determined from the dose-response curve using nonlinear regression (curve fit analysis). The values are the means of triplicate experiments
bHalf-maximal effective concentration of ivermectin on cell lines. The values were determined from the dose-response curve using nonlinear regression (curve fit analysis). The values are the means of triplicate experiments
cRatio of the EC50 of cell lines to the IC50 of each species. High numbers are favorable
IVM ivermectin, MDBK Madin–Darby bovine kidney, NIH/3 T3 Mouse embryonic fibroblast, HFF Human foreskin fibroblast