| Characteristics | Total | Experimental group | ||||||||
| Primary care physician | Specialist | |||||||||
| Moderate ratings on technical skills | High ratings on technical skills | Moderate ratings on technical skills | High ratings on technical skills | |||||||
| ISa, Moderate (n=65) | IS, High (n=69) | IS, Moderate (n=70) | IS, High (n=69) | IS, Moderate (n=69) | IS, High (n=67) | IS, Moderate (n=67) | IS, High (n=64) | |||
| Gender, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Male | 300 (55.6) | 39 (60) | 33 (47.8) | 39 (55.7) | 39 (56.5) | 37 (53.6) | 32 (47.8) | 43 (64.2) | 38 (59.4) | |
| Female | 239 (44.3) | 26 (40) | 36 (52.2) | 31 (44.3) | 30 (43.5) | 31 (44.9) | 35 (52.2) | 24 (35.8) | 26 (40.6) | |
| Unspecified | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Education, n (%) | ||||||||||
| High school graduate or less | 74 (13.7) | 9 (13.8) | 6 (8.7) | 12 (17.1) | 8 (11.6) | 10 (14.5) | 10 (14.9) | 7 (10.4) | 12 (18.8) | |
| Some college | 135 (25) | 12 (18.5) | 25 (36.2) | 20 (28.6) | 15 (21.7) | 14 (20.3) | 17 (25.4) | 18 (26.9) | 14 (21.9) | |
| 2-years degree | 84 (15.6) | 13 (20) | 5 (7.2) | 11 (15.7) | 11 (15.9) | 12 (17.4) | 9 (13.4) | 12 (17.9) | 11 (17.2) | |
| Bachelor’s degree | 190 (35.2) | 23 (35.4) | 27 (39.1) | 18 (25.7) | 23 (33.3) | 26 (37.7) | 27 (40.3) | 22 (32.8) | 24 (37.5) | |
| Graduate degree | 57 (10.6) | 8 (12.3) | 6 (8.6) | 9 (12.8) | 12 (17.4) | 7 (10.1) | 4 (6.0) | 8 (11.9) | 3 (4.7) | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 35.8 (11.3) | 35 (10.6) | 34.6 (12.5) | 36.5 (10.1) | 37.2 (13.1) | 33.8 (9.2) | 36.4 (10.8) | 37.1 (12.3) | 36.0 (11.2) | |
| Income, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Less than 20,000 | 100 (18.5) | 11 (16.9) | 12 (17.4) | 16 (22.9) | 14 (20.3) | 16 (23.2) | 13 (19.4) | 8 (11.9) | 10 (15.6) | |
| 20,000 to <40,000 | 163 (30.2) | 17 (26.1) | 22 (31.9) | 20 (28.6) | 23 (33.3) | 24 (34.8) | 16 (23.9) | 21 (31.3) | 20 (31.2) | |
| 40,000 to <60,000 | 114 (21.1) | 17 (26.1) | 14 (20.3) | 10 (14.3) | 16 (23.2) | 15 (21.7) | 13 (19.4) | 11 (16.4) | 18 (28.1) | |
| 60,000 to <80,000 | 80 (14.8) | 6 (9.2) | 10 (14.4) | 14 (20.0) | 6 (8.7) | 9 (13) | 13 (19.4) | 13 (19.4) | 9 (14.1) | |
| 80,000 to <100,000 | 39 (7.2) | 5 (7.7) | 3 (4.3) | 8 (11.4) | 6 (8.7) | 1 (1.4) | 6 (9.0) | 6 (9.0) | 4 (6.3) | |
| 100,000 and higher | 44 (8.1) | 9 (13.8) | 8 (11.6) | 2 (2.9) | 4 (5.8) | 4 (5.8) | 6 (9.0) | 8 (11.9) | 3 (4.7) | |
| Race, n (%) | ||||||||||
| Caucasian | 402 (74.4) | 52 (80) | 51 (73.9) | 52 (74.3) | 46 (66.7) | 55 (79.7) | 50 (74.6) | 50 (74.6) | 46 (71.9) | |
| Hispanic | 32 (5.9) | 1 (1.5) | 2 (2.9) | 4 (5.7) | 4 (5.8) | 3 (4.3) | 5 (7.5) | 4 (6.0) | 9 (14.1) | |
| African American | 31 (5.7) | 6 (9.2) | 6 (8.7) | 4 (5.7) | 4 (5.8) | 4 (5.8) | 2 (3.0) | 2 (3.0) | 3 (4.7) | |
| Native American/ Alaskan Native | 5 (0.9) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 2 (2.9) | 0 (0) | 2 (3.0) | 0 (0) | |
| Asian | 60 (11.1) | 5 (7.7) | 9 (13) | 7 (10) | 14 (20.3) | 3 (4.3) | 9 (13.4) | 8 (11.9) | 5 (7.8) | |
| Middle Eastern | 2 (0.4) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Pacific Islander | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Other | 6 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 2 (2.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.6) | |
aIS: interpersonal skills