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. 2019 Jun 28;21(6):e11188. doi: 10.2196/11188
Characteristics Total Experimental group
Primary care physician Specialist
Moderate ratings on technical skills High ratings on technical skills Moderate ratings on technical skills High ratings on technical skills
ISa, Moderate (n=65) IS, High (n=69) IS, Moderate (n=70) IS, High (n=69) IS, Moderate (n=69) IS, High (n=67) IS, Moderate (n=67) IS, High (n=64)
Gender, n (%)
  Male 300 (55.6) 39 (60) 33 (47.8) 39 (55.7) 39 (56.5) 37 (53.6) 32 (47.8) 43 (64.2) 38 (59.4)
  Female 239 (44.3) 26 (40) 36 (52.2) 31 (44.3) 30 (43.5) 31 (44.9) 35 (52.2) 24 (35.8) 26 (40.6)
  Unspecified 1 (0.2) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (1.4) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Education, n (%)
  High school graduate or less 74 (13.7) 9 (13.8) 6 (8.7) 12 (17.1) 8 (11.6) 10 (14.5) 10 (14.9) 7 (10.4) 12 (18.8)
  Some college 135 (25) 12 (18.5) 25 (36.2) 20 (28.6) 15 (21.7) 14 (20.3) 17 (25.4) 18 (26.9) 14 (21.9)
  2-years degree 84 (15.6) 13 (20) 5 (7.2) 11 (15.7) 11 (15.9) 12 (17.4) 9 (13.4) 12 (17.9) 11 (17.2)
  Bachelor’s degree 190 (35.2) 23 (35.4) 27 (39.1) 18 (25.7) 23 (33.3) 26 (37.7) 27 (40.3) 22 (32.8) 24 (37.5)
  Graduate degree 57 (10.6) 8 (12.3) 6 (8.6) 9 (12.8) 12 (17.4) 7 (10.1) 4 (6.0) 8 (11.9) 3 (4.7)
Age (years), mean (SD) 35.8 (11.3) 35 (10.6) 34.6 (12.5) 36.5 (10.1) 37.2 (13.1) 33.8 (9.2) 36.4 (10.8) 37.1 (12.3) 36.0 (11.2)
Income, n (%)
  Less than 20,000 100 (18.5) 11 (16.9) 12 (17.4) 16 (22.9) 14 (20.3) 16 (23.2) 13 (19.4) 8 (11.9) 10 (15.6)
  20,000 to <40,000 163 (30.2) 17 (26.1) 22 (31.9) 20 (28.6) 23 (33.3) 24 (34.8) 16 (23.9) 21 (31.3) 20 (31.2)
  40,000 to <60,000 114 (21.1) 17 (26.1) 14 (20.3) 10 (14.3) 16 (23.2) 15 (21.7) 13 (19.4) 11 (16.4) 18 (28.1)
  60,000 to <80,000 80 (14.8) 6 (9.2) 10 (14.4) 14 (20.0) 6 (8.7) 9 (13) 13 (19.4) 13 (19.4) 9 (14.1)
  80,000 to <100,000 39 (7.2) 5 (7.7) 3 (4.3) 8 (11.4) 6 (8.7) 1 (1.4) 6 (9.0) 6 (9.0) 4 (6.3)
  100,000 and higher 44 (8.1) 9 (13.8) 8 (11.6) 2 (2.9) 4 (5.8) 4 (5.8) 6 (9.0) 8 (11.9) 3 (4.7)
Race, n (%)
  Caucasian 402 (74.4) 52 (80) 51 (73.9) 52 (74.3) 46 (66.7) 55 (79.7) 50 (74.6) 50 (74.6) 46 (71.9)
  Hispanic 32 (5.9) 1 (1.5) 2 (2.9) 4 (5.7) 4 (5.8) 3 (4.3) 5 (7.5) 4 (6.0) 9 (14.1)
  African American 31 (5.7) 6 (9.2) 6 (8.7) 4 (5.7) 4 (5.8) 4 (5.8) 2 (3.0) 2 (3.0) 3 (4.7)
  Native American/ Alaskan Native 5 (0.9) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (1.4) 2 (2.9) 0 (0) 2 (3.0) 0 (0)
  Asian 60 (11.1) 5 (7.7) 9 (13) 7 (10) 14 (20.3) 3 (4.3) 9 (13.4) 8 (11.9) 5 (7.8)
  Middle Eastern 2 (0.4) 1 (1.5) 0 (0) 1 (1.4) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
  Pacific Islander 1 (0.2) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (1.5) 0 (0)
  Other 6 (1.1) 0 (0) 1 (1.4) 2 (2.9) 0 (0) 1 (1.4) 1 (1.5) 0 (0) 1 (1.6)

aIS: interpersonal skills