Scheme 1. Rational design of catalytic C–F bond carboxylation. (A) Classical catalytic C–X bond carboxylation. (B) Recent development in photoredox enabled C(sp2)–F bond activation. (C) Established synthetic methods for a-fluoroacrylic acid/ester. (D) Our photoredox/Pd catalyzed C–F carboxylation of gem-difluoroalkenes.
