Table 2.
Frailty and Risk of Poor Recovery After Aortic Valve Replacement
| Poor Recovery n/N (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Combined | |||
| Frailty phenotypeb | |||
| Pre-frail | 6/77 (7.8%) | Reference | Reference |
| Frail | 36/151 (23.8%) | 3.7 (1.5–9.2) | 2.5 (0.9–6.7) |
| p-value (df = 1) | 0.005 | 0.08 | |
| CGA-FI | |||
| Mild (<0.23) | 2/55 (3.6%) | Reference | Reference |
| Moderate (0.23–0.40) | 17/115 (14.8%) | 4.6 (1.0–20.7) | 3.8 (0.8–18.0) |
| Severe (≥0.41) | 23/58 (39.7%) | 17.4 (3.9–78.6) | 12.2 (2.3–63.7) |
| p-value (df = 2) | <0.001 | 0.002 | |
| SAVR | |||
| Frailty phenotypeb | |||
| Pre-frail | 3/56 (5.4%) | Reference | Reference |
| Frail | 5/35 (14.3%) | 2.9 (0.7–13.2) | 2.7 (0.6–13.6) |
| p-value (df = 1) | 0.16 | 0.22 | |
| CGA-FI | |||
| Mild (<0.23) | 1/44 (2.3%) | Reference | Reference |
| Moderate (0.23–0.40) | 5/42 (11.9%) | 5.8 (0.7–52.0) | 4.3 (0.4–42.1) |
| Severe (≥0.41) | 2/5 (40.0%) | 28.7 (2.0–414.2) | 33.9 (1.8–657.8) |
| p-value (df = 2) | 0.03 | 0.06 | |
| TAVR | |||
| Frailty phenotypeb | |||
| Pre-frail | 3/21 (14.3%) | Reference | Reference |
| Frail | 31/116 (26.7%) | 2.2 (0.6–7.9) | 2.2 (0.6–8.0) |
| p-value (df=1) | 0.23 | 0.24 | |
| CGA-FI | |||
| Mild (<0.23) | 1/11 (9.1%) | Reference | Reference |
| Moderate (0.23–0.40) | 12/73 (16.4%) | 2.0 (0.2–16.8) | 2.0 (0.2–17.0) |
| Severe (≥0.41) | 21/53 (39.6%) | 6.6 (0.8–55.1) | 5.5 (0.6–47.9) |
| p-value (df = 2) | 0.006 | 0.03 | |
Notes: CGA-FI = comprehensive geriatric assessment-based frailty index; CI = confidence interval; df = degree of freedom; OR = odds ratio; SAVR = surgical aortic valve replacement; TAVR = transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
aAdjusted for age, sex, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons predicted risk of mortality (and procedure type for analysis of the combined cohort).
bNo patients were robust according to frailty phenotype.