Fig. 4. Structure change under different NIR illumination intensities and mechanical modeling.
(A) XRD patterns of MXCC- and MXene-based actuators under different NIR light illumination intensities (solid lines, MXCC-based actuator; dashed lines, MXene-based actuator). (B) Corresponding d-spacing of the MXCC- and MXene-based actuators under different NIR light illumination intensities. (C) Simulated and experimental results of the MXCC-based actuator. (D) Simulated results of the MXCC-based actuator under NIR light illumination.