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. 2019 Jul 12;10:3074. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10575-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Investigation of single-crystal structures of 8PN. a Packing diagram of 8PN-EA along the [010] direction, with the solvent-accessible void space visualized by gray/yellow (inner/outer) curved planes generated with a probe of 1.2 Å. Color code: green, C; yellow, N; Orange, O. H atoms are omitted for clarity. b Single-crystal X-ray structures of eight 8PN frameworks with varying void space. H atoms and solvent molecules in voids are omitted for clarity. Abbreviations for different solvents: ACT acetone, DMF N,N-dimethylformamide, EA ethyl acetate, TCM chloroform, THF tetrahydrofuran, DCM dichloromethane, TOL toluene. c Visualization of the S-shaped channel surface of 8PN-THF. d Void spaces, cell volumes, void ratios of the eight 8PN frameworks. e Illustration of large-scale regulation of the pore size by dihedral angles among different types of 8PN-200, 8PN-400, and 8PN-600. f Illustration of small-scale regulation of the pore size by hydrogen bond distances in the two frameworks within the same type, that is 8PN-ACT and 8PN-DMF in 8PN-200 type, 8PN-EA, and 8PN-2ACT in 8PN-400 type or 8PN-TCM and 8PN-THF in 8PN-600 type