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. 2019 Jul 12;9:10134. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46518-9

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Offspring weight from weaning to 12 weeks of age. Values are for are mean and SEM. (a) Male offspring, (b) Female offspring. Four groups of cross-fostered offspring were studied: offspring exposed to a chow diet during pregnancy cross-fostered to a chow fed dam during lactation ( CC, n 16) or a cafteria fed dam ( CO, n 15–16), offspring exposed to a cafeteria diet during pregnancy cross-fostered to a chow fed dam during lactation ( OC, n 13–16) or a cafeteria fed dam ( OO, n 11–12). (a) Effect of maternal pregnancy diet (P < 0.05). (b) Effect of maternal lactation diet (P < 0.05).

Inline graphic — Offspring weight from weaning to 12 weeks of age. Values are for are mean and SEM. (a) Male offspring, (b) Female offspring. Four groups of cross-fostered offspring were studied: offspring exposed to a chow diet during pregnancy cross-fostered to a chow fed dam during lactation ( CC, n 16) or a cafteria fed dam ( CO, n 15–16), offspring exposed to a cafeteria diet during pregnancy cross-fostered to a chow fed dam during lactation ( OC, n 13–16) or a cafeteria fed dam ( OO, n 11–12). (a) Effect of maternal pregnancy diet (P < 0.05). (b) Effect of maternal lactation diet (P < 0.05).