Table 1.

Characteristics of 11 included studies.

First author	Year	Country	Setting	Sample size	Event	Mean age /age range	PU Staging system	Blindb	Cut-off score	Sensitivity	Specificity	TP	FP	FN	TN	AUC
Lu [22]	2010	China	ICU	145	9	1–15 Y	NPUAP1989	yes	17	0.667	0.348	6	89	3	47	0.481
Li [23]	2016	China	Alla	372	21	6.37 ± 5.64 Y	EPUAP2009	no	16	0.826	0.759	17	85	4	266	0.9226
Gu [24]	2009	China	ICU/PICU/CICU/SICU	133	7	1.5Y	NPUAP1989	no	15	0.23	0.98	2	3	5	123	none
Feng [25]	2010	China	ICU	113	8	43.15 ± 52.03 M	NPUAP1989	yes	19	0.625	0.476	5	55	3	50	0.502
Jiang [26]	2017	China	NICU	452	15	none	none	no	16	0.585	0.601	8	174	7	263	0.577
Shen [27]	2014	China	ICU	80	7	6.4 ± 1.6 Y	NPUAP1989	yes	17	0.667	0.346	5	48	2	25	0.478
Wang [28]	2008	China	PICU/CICU	145	11	28 D–8 Y	none	no	21	0.818	0.172	9	110	2	24	0.557/0.597
Curley [29]	2003	USA	PICU	322	86	3 Y	NPUAP1989	yes	16	0.88	0.58	76	99	10	137	0.83
Willock [30]	2009	England	All	336	61	1 D–17 Y 11 M	EPUAP2009	no	21	0.672	0.648	41	97	20	178	0.697
Lu [31]	2014	China	PICU	198	14	4 Y	NPUAP1989	yes	19	0.71	0.53	10	86	4	98	0.57
Habib [32]	2013	England	PICU/NICU/GIMU/GICU	212	9	0–17 Y	EPUAP2009	no	16	0.47	0.83	9	32	10	161	0.8

^aAll hospitalised children were included except those in the department of neonate, surgery in outpatient and operation room.

^bBlind means two nurses performed the assessment individually; D means day; Y means year; M means month.