Table 2.
Metabolic Status | N | OR | 95% CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Entire sample | ||||
MHN | 9,386 | Ref | ||
MHO | 2,294 | 1.51 | 1.30–1.74 | |
MUN | 2,951 | 1.39 | 1.18–1.64 | |
MUO | 3,394 | 2.31 | 2.02–2.67 | |
Sex | ||||
Men | MHN | 4,832 | Ref | |
MHO | 1,154 | 1.25 | 0.97–1.69 | |
MUN | 1,230 | 1.07 | 0.82–1.40 | |
MUO | 1,531 | 1.63 | 1.31–2.10 | |
Women | MHN | 4,554 | Ref | |
MHO | 1.140 | 1.71 | 1.42–2.09 | |
MUN | 1,721 | 1.62 | 1.30–2.04 | |
MUO | 1,863 | 2.83 | 2.40–3.30 | |
P value for interaction | <0.001 | |||
Age | ||||
<50 yrs | MHN | 5,869 | Ref | |
MHO | 422 | 1.22 | 0.85–1.77 | |
MUN | 2,008 | 1.44 | 1.10–1.60 | |
MUO | 1,183 | 2.09 | 1.65–2.55 | |
≥50 yrs | MHN | 3,487 | Ref | |
MHO | 1,872 | 1.31 | 1.08–1.62 | |
MUN | 943 | 1.49 | 1.14–1.98 | |
MUO | 2,211 | 2.16 | 1.78–2.55 | |
P value for interaction | 0.41 | |||
Race/ethnicity | ||||
White | MHN | 3,994 | Ref | |
MHO | 1,053 | 1.66 | 1.33–2.08 | |
MUN | 1,083 | 1.19 | 0.92–1.53 | |
MUO | 1,490 | 2.23 | 1.84–2.69 | |
African American | MHN | 1,754 | Ref | |
MHO | 394 | 1.03 | 0.77–1.03 | |
MUN | 873 | 1.47 | 0.81–2.39 | |
MUO | 873 | 1.57 | 1.20–2.06 | |
Hispanic | MHN | 2,113 | Ref | |
MHO | 532 | 1.61 | 1.22–2.13 | |
MUN | 802 | 1.76 | 1.28–2.40 | |
MUO | 874 | 2.60 | 2.04–3.32 | |
P value for interaction | 0.71 | |||
MetS defined without waist circumference | ||||
MHN | 8049 | Ref | ||
MHO | 3631 | 1.57 | 1.36–1.82 | |
MUN | 2823 | 1.53 | 1.31–1.80 | |
MUO | 3522 | 2.57 | 2.24–2.94 |
All models are adjusted for demographic characteristics (age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, history of smoking, physical activity, and household income) comorbidities (coronary artery disease, congestive heart disease, stroke, pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, liver disease, and malignancy) and medication use (antidepressants and statins). Bold indicates estimates that are significantly different from the reference at the p < 0.05 level. OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; Ref = reference; MHN = metabolically healthy normal weight; MUN = metabolically unhealthy normal weight; MHO = metabolically healthy obesity; MUO = metabolically unhealthy obesity.