(A) (R)-BEL treatment decreased PNLP8 expression (green) and mitigated epithelial barrier disruption, as indicated by the continuity of the actin layer (red) particularly at the apex of the crypt (A). Notes: aside from the decreases in PNLP8 with R-BEL, one can also see the protection of the epithelial layer in the continuity of the actin (red) signal surrounding the crypts, which is clearly disrupted/discontinuous at days 3, 5, and 7 after radiation. (B) The levels of total CL (a), total arachidonoyl-CL (b), and arachidonoyl-CL molecular species (c and d) in the ileum of mice. R-BEL (6 mg/kg body weight) was introduced to mice (i.p.) on day 1 after WBI (9.5 Gy). Data are mean ± SD, N = 10–12, *P < 0.05 vs non-irradiated mice (D0), #P < 0.05 versus irradiated mice (D7), Kruskal–Wallis test