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. 2019 Jun 17;17(6):360. doi: 10.3390/md17060360

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of HA on anxiety-like behavior in the elevated zero maze test, and the expression of phospho-STAT3 and MMP-9 in the hippocampus following systemic LPS challenge. (A) The structure diagram of EZM was described as the left panel. Heat-map illustrated the tracks of mice in the different groups in EZM test, red = more time, blue = less time. (B) Percentage of time spent in 5 min in the open arms (gray) in the different groups administrated with sterile saline or LPS (0.83 mg/kg, i.p) for 25 h. (C) Percentage of entries into the open arms in 5 min in the different groups for 25 h. Mice were sacrificed after behavior tests, and then hippocampus was collected immediately. Homogenates of the hippocampus were obtained and analyzed for the phosphorylation of STAT3 by Western blotting (D, n = 5), and assayed for MMPs activity by gelatin zymography (E, n = 3). Data represent group means ± S.D., n = 3 to 7 mice/group. ^## p < 0.01 as compared with the saline control group (Control); * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 as compared with the co-solvent group (vehicle).

Effect of HA on anxiety-like behavior in the elevated zero maze test, and the expression of phospho-STAT3 and MMP-9 in the hippocampus following systemic LPS challenge. (A) The structure diagram of EZM was described as the left panel. Heat-map illustrated the tracks of mice in the different groups in EZM test, red = more time, blue = less time. (B) Percentage of time spent in 5 min in the open arms (gray) in the different groups administrated with sterile saline or LPS (0.83 mg/kg, i.p) for 25 h. (C) Percentage of entries into the open arms in 5 min in the different groups for 25 h. Mice were sacrificed after behavior tests, and then hippocampus was collected immediately. Homogenates of the hippocampus were obtained and analyzed for the phosphorylation of STAT3 by Western blotting (D, n = 5), and assayed for MMPs activity by gelatin zymography (E, n = 3). Data represent group means ± S.D., n = 3 to 7 mice/group. ^## p < 0.01 as compared with the saline control group (Control); * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 as compared with the co-solvent group (vehicle).