Table 3.

HDT-related target examples and their relevant compounds or compound classes.

Targeted Pathway	Target	Compound (Class)
Granuloma formation	TNF-α	Etanercept
	VEGF	Bevacizumab
Autophagy	mTOR	Rapamycin
	-	Carbamazepine
	-	Valproic acid
	EGFR	Gefitinib
	Cathelicidin (and others) biosynthesis	Vitamin D a
Pro- and anti-inflammatory host responses	LXA4 production	Acetylsalicylic acid
	COX-1; COX-2	NSAIDs

^a Besides upregulating innate immune functions via pleiotropic effects, including autophagy induction, vitamin D also regulates inflammatory host responses by downregulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, augmenting the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines and interfering with T cell responses.