Table 2.
Region | South (reference) | Northeast | Midwest | West |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total (100) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 50.4 ± 0.7 | 51.3 ± 0.8 | 52.2 ± 0.6 | 53.6 ± 0.8 * |
Non-Hispanic black | 48.6 ± 1.5 | 52.0 ± 2.3 | 51.0 ± 2.3 | 56.7 ± 2.7 * |
Hispanic | 54.1 ± 0.9 δ | 53.4 ± 2.0 | 47.5 ± 2.0 *δ | 53.9 ± 1.1 |
Adequacy components | ||||
Total Fruit (5) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.2* | 2.2 ± 0.1 * | 2.3 ± 0.2 * |
Non-Hispanic black | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 3.5 ± 0.3 *δ |
Hispanic | 2.4 ± 0.1 δ | 2.5 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 2.8 ± 0.2 |
Whole fruit (5) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 2.6 ± 0.2 * | 2.5 ± 0.1 * | 2.5 ± 0.2 * |
Non-Hispanic black | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.4 | 3.5 ± 0.3 *δ |
Hispanic | 2.8 ± 0.2 δ | 2.7 ± 0.1 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 3.1 ± 0.2 |
Total vegetables (5) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 2.6 ± 0.1 | 2.9 ± 0.1 * | 2.9 ± 0.1 * | 2.9 ± 0.1 * |
Non-Hispanic black | 2.7 ± 0.2 | 2.7 ± 0.2 | 2.7 ± 0.3 | 2.4 ± 0.3 |
Hispanic | 2.9 ± 0.2 | 2.6 ± 0.3 | 2.2 ± 0.3 δ | 3.0 ± 0.1 |
Greens and beans (5) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 |
Non-Hispanic black | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 0.5 |
Hispanic | 2.0 ± 0.1 δ | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 2.1 ± 0.2 δ |
Whole grains (10) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 2.4 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 2.9 ± 0.3 |
Non-Hispanic black | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 2.0 ± 0.6 | 2.5 ± 0.7 | 2.3 ± 0.5 |
Hispanic | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.8 | 2.0 ± 0.2 δ |
Dairy (10) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 5.6 ± 0.2 | 5.5 ± 0.3 | 6.0 ± 0.2 | 5.4 ± 0.2 |
Non-Hispanic black | 3.7 ± 0.4 δ | 3.3 ± 0.2 δ | 4.1 ± 0.4 δ | 5.0 ± 0.6 |
Hispanic | 4.5 ± 0.4 δ | 5.3 ± 0.3 | 5.6 ± 0.6 | 5.4 ± 0.3 * |
Total protein foods (5) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 3.4 ± 0.2 | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 3.4 ± 0.1 |
Non-Hispanic black | 3.6 ± 0.2 | 3.3 ± 0.2 | 3.7 ± 0.2 | 3.7 ± 0.3 |
Hispanic | 3.9 ± 0.2 | 3.8 ± 0.2 | 3.0 ± 0.5 | 3.6 ± 0.1 |
Seafood and plant protein (5) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.2 |
Non-Hispanic black | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 2.7 ± 0.4 |
Hispanic | 2.6 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 0.4 * | 2.2 ± 0.1 |
Fatty acid ratio (10) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 5.3 ± 0.2 | 4.8 ± 0.3 | 4.7 ± 0.2 | 4.9 ± 0.4 |
Non-Hispanic black | 5.8 ± 0.4 | 6.1 ± 0.5 δ | 5.9 ± 0.8 | 5.3 ± 0.7 |
Hispanic | 5.6 ± 0.5 | 4.6 ± 0.3 | 4.1 ± 0.9 | 4.9 ± 0.3 |
Moderation components | ||||
Refined grains (10) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 7.0 ± 0.3 | 6.2 ± 0.3 * | 7.0 ± 0.2 | 7.0 ± 0.2 |
Non-Hispanic black | 6.5 ± 0.5 | 6.4 ± 0.7 | 7.1 ± 0.4 | 7.9 ± 0.4 *δ |
Hispanic | 6.5 ± 0.3 | 5.7 ± 0.8 | 5.9 ± 0.6 | 5.8 ± 0.3 δ |
Sodium (10) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 6.1 ± 0.2 | 6.3 ± 0.2 | 6.3 ± 0.2 | 6.4 ± 0.3 |
Non-Hispanic black | 6.3 ± 0.5 | 7.9 ± 0.3 *δ | 6.8 ± 0.3 | 7.1 ± 0.6 |
Hispanic | 7.0 ± 0.4 δ | 7.4 ± 0.7 | 6.7 ± 0.6 | 7.1 ± 0.4 |
Added sugars (10) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 5.6 ± 0.2 | 6.2 ± 0.3 | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 6.5 ± 0.3 * |
Non-Hispanic black | 5.3 ± 0.3 | 6.0 ± 0.3 | 5.8 ± 0.2 | 5.5 ± 0.7 |
Hispanic | 6.0 ± 0.2 | 6.5 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 0.9 | 6.3 ± 0.4 |
Saturated fats (10) | ||||
Non-Hispanic white (reference) | 5.3 ± 0.2 | 5.2 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 5.6 ± 0.2 |
Non-Hispanic black | 6.2 ± 0.3 δ | 6.1 ± 0.3 | 5.5 ± 0.2 | 6.3 ± 0.5 |
Hispanic | 5.9 ± 0.3 δ | 5.9 ± 0.2 | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 5.8 ± 0.3 |
* denotes a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the mean ± SE between the value of the HEI category from the South and another region for a given race. δ denotes a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the value of the HEI category from the non-Hispanic white and another race for a given region. Adjusted for age of the primary respondent, family income-to-poverty ratio, SNAP participation, any smoker in the household, education level of the primary respondent, and self-perceived health status of the primary respondent.