Table 3.

Direct and indirect effects of L. reuteri RA and diet fructose contribution on cardiometabolic markers in children of Mexico City ¹.

	Diet Fructose Contribution (%) 2						Relative Abundance of L. Reuteri 2
	Medium-Tertile 3			High-Tertile 3			Medium-Tertile 4			High-Tertile 4
	Path Coefficient	95% CI	P Value	Path Coefficient	95% CI	P Value	Path Coefficient	95% CI	P Value	Path Coefficient	95% CI	P Value
Cardiometabolic Markers
Direct Effect
Glucose, mg/dL	1.24	−0.17, 2.65	0.08	0.34	−1.06, 1.75	0.63	−0.27	−1.70, 1.14	0.70	0.23	−1.18, 1.65	0.75
Insulin, μU/mL	0.49	−0.51, 1.50	0.96	0.87	−0.13, 1.88	0.09	−1.00	−2.01, 0.11	0.06	0.007	−1.01, 1.02	0.98
HOMA-IR	0.13	−0.09, 0.36	0.25	0.20	−0.03, 0.43	0.09	−0.22	−0.45, 0.01	0.06	0.03	−0.20, 0.26	0.80
LDL-C, mg/dL	2.70	−1.33, 6.73	0.18	−1.27	−5.30, 2.76	0.53	−0.32	−4.37. 3.71	0.87	−0.70	−4.75, 3.35	0.73
HDL-C, mg/dL	0.03	−1.76, 1.81	0.97	0.50	−1.28, 2.30	0.60	−0.45	−2.24, 1.34	0.62	0.19	−1.60, 2.00	0.83
Triglycerides, mg/dL	1.97	−4.31, 8.27	0.53	−2.60	−8.88, 3.69	0.41	−2.47	−8.79, 3.83	0.44	−6.03	−12.36, 0.30	0.06
Indirect Effect (Via Waist Circumference)
Glucose, mg/dL	−0.03	−0.20, 0.12	0.70	0.14	−0.03, 0.33	0.11	0.12	−0.03, 0.27	0.10	0.25	0.02, 0.50	0.03
Insulin, μU/mL	0.06	−0.42, 0.55	0.80	0.75	0.25, 1.24	<0.01	0.44	−0.04, 0.93	0.07	0.91	0.41, 1.41	<0.001
HOMA-IR	0.01	−0.09, 0.11	0.78	0.15	0.05, 0.26	<0.01	0.09	−0.01, 0.20	0.08	0.19	0.08, 0.30	<0.001
LDL-C, mg/dL	−0.24	−1.09, 0.61	0.60	1.02	0.12, 1.93	0.03	0.90	0.04, 1.75	0.04	1.80	0.80, 2.80	<0.001
HDL-C, mg/dL	−0.12	−0.80, 0.54	0.71	−1.03	−1.71, −0.35	<0.01	−0.60	−1.26, 0.08	0.08	−1.21	−1.91, −0.50	0.001
Triglycerides, mg/dL	−0.17	−3.37, 3.02	0.91	4.62	1.40, 7.84	<0.01	3.24	0.03, 6.45	0.05	6.58	3.30, 9.90	<0.001
Total Effect
Glucose, mg/dL	1.21	−0.20, 2.64	0.09	0.50	−0.92, 1.90	0.50	−0.14	−1.60, 1.30	0.83	0.48	−0.92, 1.90	0.50
Insulin, μU/mL	0.56	−0.55, 1.68	0.32	1.62	0.50, 2.73	<0.01	−0.55	−1.68, 0.56	0.33	0.92	−0.19, 2.04	0.10
HOMA-IR	0.14	−0.10, 0.40	0.25	0.35	0.10, 0.61	<0.01	−0.12	−0.38, 0.12	0.31	0.22	−0.02, 0.50	0.09
LDL-C, mg/dL	2.46	−1.64, 6.56	0.24	−0.25	−4.33, 3.85	0.90	0.60	−3.55, 4.68	0.80	1.10	−3.00, 5.20	0.60
HDL-C, mg/dL	−0.10	−2.00, 1.80	0.92	−0.54	−2.44, 1.35	0.57	−1.04	−2.95, 0.87	0.30	−1.02	−2.92, 0.88	0.30
Triglycerides, mg/dL	1.81	−5.22, 8.84	0.60	2.02	−4.98, 9.03	0.60	0.76	−6.3, 7.81	0.83	0.55	−6.47, 7.57	0.94

¹ Original to this manuscript. HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein. ² Adjusted for age, sex, family history of obesity and leisure time physical activity (n = 945). ³ Reference was low-tertile of contribution percentage of fructose to diet intake. ⁴ Reference was low-tertile of relative abundance of L. reuteri. In bold statistically significant differences.