Table 1.
LncRNA/miRNA/mRNA networks and ageing mechanisms involved in cardiovascular diseases.
| Process | lncRNA | miRNA | Prediction Tool | miRNA Target (Direct/Indirect) | Pathology/Condition | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autophagy | APF | miR-188-3p | RNAhybrid | ATG7 (direct) | -A/R in mouse CMs -I/R (mouse) |
[71] |
| AK088388 | miR-30a | miRANDA TargetScan | Beclin-1 (direct) LC3-II (indirect) |
-H/R in mouse CMs | [72] | |
| AK139328 | miR-204-3p | nd | ATG proteins (indirect) | -Diabetic mouse -I/R (mouse) |
[73] | |
| BACE1-AS | miR-29/miR-107/miR-124/miR-485/miR-761 | miRANDA | BACE1 (direct) | -human DCM -HAOECs -mouse cardiomyocytes |
[51,74,75] | |
| Galont | miR-338 | RNAhybrid | ATG5 (direct) | A/R cardiomyocytes (mouse) | [76] | |
| GAS5 | miR-26a | RNAhybrid | ATG proteins (indirect) | -ox-LDL stimulation of human ECs -plasma of AS patients |
[77] | |
| TGFB2-OT1 | miR-4459 | Mirbase MicroInspector | ATG13 (direct) | -3BDO stimulation of human ECs | [78] | |
| UCA1 | miR-128 | nd | HSP70 (direct) | -I/R (mouse) -H/R in mouse CMs |
[79] | |
| Inflammation | GAS5 | miR-26a | Starbase v2.0 LncBase Predicted v.2 tool |
HMGB1 | -PA treated mouse CMs | [80] |
| GAS5 | miR-221 | nd | IL-1β, TNF-α, MMP-2, MMP-9 (indirect) | -Ox/LDL stimulation of THP-1 human cells -Human AS plaques |
[81] | |
| H19 | let-7 | nd | Periostin | -Ox/LDL stimulation of human HUVEC | [82] | |
| HOTAIR | miR-34a | miRANDA | SIRT1 (direct) | -STZ mice -high glucose treated rat CMs |
[83] | |
| MALAT-1 | miR-155 | TargetScan | SOCS1 (direct) | - ox-LDL stimulation of human HAOECs | [84] | |
| RNCR3 | miR-185-5p | TargetScan | KLF-2 (direct) | -Human aortic lesions -Aorta from apoE−/− mice - ox-LDL stimulation of human EC and VSMCs |
[85] | |
| RP5-833A20.1 | miR-382-5p | miRBase, PicTar, TargetScan, RNAhybrid |
NFIA (direct) | -Ox/Ac-LDL stimulation of THP-1 human cells -Aorta from apoE−/− mice |
[86] | |
| TGFB2-OT1 | miR-4459 | MicroInspector | LARP/CERS1/ NAT8L/ ATG13 (direct) | -LPS/ox-LDL stimulation of human ECs | [87] | |
| Senescence | GAS5 | miR-223 | miRWalk miRANDA TargetScan microT-CDS |
NAMPT (direct) | -Human EPCs (late passages) | [88] |
| H19 | miR-29b-3p | nd | cIAP1 (direct) | -D-galactose/H-Post treatment of CMs -I/Post (mouse) |
[89] | |
| LncRNA-ES3 | miR-34c-5p | nd | BMF | -high glucose stimulated human aorta VSMCs | [90] | |
| MEG3 | miR-128 | nd | GIRDIN (direct) | -Coronary artery aged mice -HUVECs (late passages) |
[91] |
Abbreviations: A/R = Anoxia/reperfusion; AS = aortic stenosis; CMs = cardiomyocytes; DCM = dilated cardiomyopathy; ECs = endothelial cells; EPCs = endothelial precursor cells; HAOECs = human aortic endothelial cells; H-Post = hypoxia-postconditioning; H/R = hypoxia/reperfusion; HUVECs = human umbilical endothelial cells; I-Post = ischemia-postconditioning; I/R = Ischemia/reperfusion; LPS = lipopolysaccharide; ox-LDL= oxidized low density lipoprotein; PA = palmitic acid; STZ = streptozotocin; VSMCs = vascular smooth muscle cells; 3BDO = 3-benzyl-5-((2-nitrophenoxy) methyl)-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one.