Table 7.
Summary of the substrates and of the corresponding fabrication methods presented in this section.
| Substrate | Synthesis/Fabrication | References |
|---|---|---|
| Aggregated NPs in solution (unstructured nanoparticles) |
Wet chemistry (NP synthesis) | [39,40,308,309,310,311,312,313,314,315,316,317,318,319,320,321,322,323] |
| Laser ablation (NP synthesis) | [324,325] | |
| Molecular linkers (aggregating method) | [326,327,328] | |
| Laser tweezers (aggregating method) | [329] | |
| NPs assembled on a surface (structured nanoparticles) |
Electrochemical roughening/deposition | [37,330] |
| Deposition on functionalized surfaces | [42,331,332,333] | |
| Ink-jet printing | [334,335,336,337] | |
| Screen printing | [338,339] | |
| Pen on paper | [340] | |
| Electrospinning | [341,342,343] | |
| Laser direct writing | [344,345] | |
| Ordered array of NPs (structured surfaces) |
Anodic alumina template | [346,347,348,349,350,351] |
| Electron beam lithography (EBL) | [43,44,45,352,353,354] | |
| Interference lithography | [355,356] | |
| Soft lithography | [46,357,358,359,360] | |
| Commercial substrates | [361,362,363,364,365,366,367] |