Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the study sample 50+ years old, by anxiety status.
| Characteristic | Total | No Anxiety | Anxiety | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size (n) | 758 | 149 | 609 | |
| Age (Mean ± SD) | 59.67 ± 8.28 | 54.11 ± 4.31 | 54.68 ± 3.39 | 0.372 |
| Sex | 0.286 | |||
| Female | 41.6 | 37.3 | 45.9 | |
| Male | 58.4 | 62.7 | 54.1 | |
| Education status (years of school) (Mean ± SD) | 10.53 ± 3.96 | 12.43 ± 3.65 | 11.36 ± 4.15 | 0.100 |
| Financial status (%) | 0.151 | |||
| Bad | 12.8 | 8.0 | 17.6 | |
| Poor | 17.4 | 18.7 | 16.2 | |
| Good | 47.7 | 45.3 | 50.0 | |
| Very good | 22.1 | 28.0 | 16.2 | |
| Family status (%) | 0.580 | |||
| Never married | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.08 | |
| Married | 78.5 | 80.0 | 77.0 | |
| Divorced | 7.4 | 8.0 | 6.8 | |
| Widowed | 3.4 | 1.3 | 5.4 | |
| Current smoking (%) | 46.3 | 37.3 | 55.4 | 0.027 |
| Physically active (%) | 0.001 | |||
| Sedentary | 52.3 | 38.7 | 66.2 | |
| Physically active | 47.7 | 61.3 | 33.8 | |
| MedDiet (0–55) | 23.02 ± 6.17 | 24.27 ± 5.25 | 24.03 ± 6.36 | 0.808 |
| SFAS dietary pattern (Mean ± SD) | −0.32 ± 0.86 | −0.189 ± 0.756 | −0.33 ± 0.81 | 0.337 |
| Meat-eaters dietary pattern (Mean ± SD) | −0.24 ± 0.76 | −0.35 ± 0.55 | −0.22 ± 0.77 | 0.294 |
| LFV dietary pattern (Mean ± SD) | 0.25 ± 0.98 | 0.29 ± 0.89 | 0.146 ± 1.09 | 0.434 |
| Energy intake (kcal/day) | 2409.38 ± 1019.19 | 2120.10 ± 693.15 | 2048.51 ± 855.46 | 0.617 |
| D-AII (10–77) | 32.61 ± 6.34 | 32.81 ± 6.04 | 32.44 ± 6.62 | 0.72 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.60 ± 4.25 | 26.87 ± 4.11 | 26.48 ± 3.29 | 0.532 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 94.64 ± 18.87 | 95.58 ± 21.12 | 93.70 ± 16.70 | 0.57 |
| Hypertension (%) | 45.9 | 43.1 | 48.6 | 0.498 |
| Diabetes (%) | 10.1 | 8.0 | 12.2 | 0.399 |
| Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 51.0 | 46.7 | 55.4 | 0.286 |
| Zung score (Mean ± SD) | 35.17 ± 7.57 | 31.65 ± 6.30 | 38.54 ± 6.88 | <0.001 |
| Cognitive distortion score (Mean ± SD) | 17.84 ± 24.35 | 11.36 ± 15.11 | 24.48 ± 30.35 | 0.073 |
Abbreviations: MedDiet, mediterranean diet; BMI, body mass index; LFV, lacto-fish-vegetarian; SFAS, saturated fat and added Sugars; diet anti-inflammatory index (D-AII).