Phycocyanin exerted anti-proliferative effects through down-regulating TIRAP/NF-κB activity in non-small cell lung cancer cells. (A) RNA-seq analysis of the potential pathways involved in phycocyanin-mediated biological process in LTEP-a2 cells. *, p < 0.05, **, p < 0.01, ***, p < 0.001. (B) Western blot analysis of TIRAP and NF-κB pathway expressions in H1975, H1650, and LTEP-a2 cells after treatment with TIRAP siRNA and phycocyanin, respectively. For phycocyanin treatment, proteins were extracted after treatment with phycocyanin and control for 72 h. For siRNA transfection, cells were exposed to Neg. and TIRAP siRNA for 12 h, followed by culturing with complete medium for 48 h before protein extraction. (C) Western blot analysis of TIRAP and phosphorylated p65 expressions in H1975, H1650, and LTEP-a2 cells at 72 h after treatment with 10 µM PDTC for 24 h. (D) Cell proliferation analysis of H1975, H1650, and LTEP-a2 cells after treatment with 10 µM PDTC for 24 h. (E) Illustration of phycocyanin/TIRAP/NF-κB regulation process in NSCLC cells. TIRAP, Toll/interleukin 1 receptor domain-containing adaptor protein. Neg. siRNA, negative control siRNA. PDTC, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. Bars represent mean ± SD. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.