Aβ	amyloid beta
AChE	acetylcholinesterase
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
AFG	arginine-fructose-glucose
AP	acidic polysaccharide
APP	amyloid precursor protein
COX	cytochrome c oxidase
DAPI	4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
DCX	doublecortin
DG	dentate gyrus
DMEM	Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
GFAP	glial fibrillary acidic protein
Iba-1	ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1
MTT	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
NeuN	neuronal nuclei
OCR	oxygen consumption rate
PBS	phosphate-buffered saline
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PFA	paraformaldehyde
PG	Panax ginseng Meyer
RG	red ginseng