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Host Cell Regulation of C3b and C4b Opsonization—Mammalian host cells must be able to degrade C3b (an opsonin) to prevent phagocytosis and C4b (a C5 convertase cofactor) to prevent membrane attack complex (MAC) formation [37]. Borrelia burgdorferi has been able to co-opt this regulatory system, avoiding phagocytosis by binding Factor H (FH) with complement regulator acquiring surface proteins (CRASPs) expressed on the bacterial surface.
