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Schematic representation of the molecular mechanism of HDCAIs-induced cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptotic cell death. P21 gene promoter Sp1 can bind HDAC multi protein complex repressing gene transcription. Inhibition of HDAC activates transcription of p21 that stimulates cell cycle arrest. HDACIs can also induce apoptosis via stimulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) protein members like TRAIL and CD95.
