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. 2019 May 29;11(6):745. doi: 10.3390/cancers11060745

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Surgery-mediated liver inflammation is accompanied by enhanced activation of HSCs into HMFs. No surgery as control (n = 4), explorative laparotomy (n = 4), or subtotal pancreatectomy (n = 8) was performed with SCID beige mice which were sacrificed 48 hours after surgery. RNA was isolated from snap-frozen liver tissues to determine mRNA levels of Desmin (marker for quiescent HSC), α-SMA, and Collagen 1A1 (Col1A1) (markers for HMF) by qRT-PCR. Gene expression of target genes was normalized to GAPDH gene expression. Afterwards, ratios of α-SMA to Desmin (A), as well as Col1A1 to Desmin (B), were calculated for each sample and plotted. Data represent the median and individual values from 4 and 8 animals, respectively.