Table 3.
Odds ratio of full metabolic syndrome and its components at different tertile of T-score (spine) according to sex.
| MODEL | ALL | MALES | FEMALES | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TERTILE | p | TERTILE | p | TERTILE | p | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||
| CENTRAL OBESITY | ||||||||||||
| a | 1 | 1.96 (1.5–2.6) | 2.37 (1.8–3.2) | <0.01 | 1 | 2.47 (1.3–4.6) | 4.07 (2.1–7.9) | <0.01 | 1.0 | 1.94 (1.4–2.7) | 2.14 (1.5–2.9) | <0.01 |
| b | 1 | 1.95 (1.5–2.6) | 2.44 (1.8–2.3) | <0.01 | 1 | 2.58 (1.4–4.9) | 4.23 (2.2–8.3) | <0.01 | 1.0 | 1.95 (1.4–2.7) | 2.21 (1.6–3.1) | <0.01 |
| c | 1 | 1.98 (1.4–2.6) | 2.24 (1.6–3.1) | <0.01 | 1 | 1.94 (0.8–4.6) | 3.06 (1.3–7.4) | 0.04 | 1.0 | 2.01 (1.4–2.8) | 2.27 (1.6–3.3) | <0.01 |
| d | 1 | 1.88 (1.4–2.5) | 2.21 (1.6–3.0) | <0.01 | 1 | 1.97 (0.8–4.7) | 2.95 (1.2–7.1) | 0.04 | 1.0 | 1.82 (1.3–2.5) | 1.98 (1.4–2.8) | <0.01 |
| e | 1 | 1.90 (1.4–2.5) | 2.20 (1.6–3.0) | <0.01 | 1 | 2.00 (0.8–4.8) | 3.07 (1.2–7.5) | 0.04 | 1.0 | 1.83 (1.3–2.6) | 1.97 (1.4–2.8) | <0.01 |
| HYPERGLYCEMIA | ||||||||||||
| a | 1 | 1.21 (0.9–1.6) | 1.23 (0.9–1.6) | 0.25 | 1 | 0.64 (0.3–1.5) | 1.66 (0.6–4.5) | 0.12 | 1.0 | 1.32 (1.0–1.8) | 1.20 (0.9–1.6) | 0.16 |
| b | 1 | 1.32 (1.0–1.7) | 1.54 (1.2–2.1) | 0.01 | 1 | 0.82 (0.3–1.9) | 2.25 (0.8–6.4) | 0.10 | 1.0 | 1.40 (1.0–1.9) | 1.47 (1.1–2.0) | 0.02 |
| c | 1 | 1.28 (1.0–1.8) | 1.34 (1.2–2.2) | 0.04 | 1 | 0.71 (0.3–1.8) | 1.71 (0.6–5.1) | 0.21 | 1.0 | 1.32 (1.0–1.8) | 1.44 (1.1–2.0) | 0.05 |
| d | 1 | 1.18 (0.9–1.6) | 1.29 (0.9–1.7) | 0.23 | 1 | 0.66 (0.3–1.7) | 1.59 (0.5–4.8) | 0.24 | 1.0 | 1.25 (0.9–1.7) | 1.26 (0.9–1.7) | 0.29 |
| e | 1 | 1.17 (0.9–1.6) | 1.15 (0.8–1.6) | 0.57 | 1 | 0.62 (0.2–1.7) | 1.58 (0.5–5.1) | 0.26 | 1.0 | 1.25 (0.9–1.7) | 1.21 (0.8–1.6) | 0.41 |
| LOW HDL-CHOLESTEROL | ||||||||||||
| a | 1 | 1.07 (0.8–1.4) | 1.28 (1.0–1.6) | 0.16 | 1 | 1.22 (0.6–2.3) | 1.05 (0.6–1.9) | 0.80 | 1.0 | 1.05 (0.8–1.4) | 1.35 (1.0–1.8) | 0.09 |
| b | 1 | 1.08 (0.8–1.4) | 1.32 (1.0–1.7) | 0.11 | 1 | 1.43 (0.8–2.7) | 1.20 (0.6–2.3) | 0.55 | 1.0 | 1.05 (0.8–1.4) | 1.38 (1.0–1.9) | 0.08 |
| c | 1 | 1.05 (0.9–1.6) | 1.30 (1.0–1.9) | 0.32 | 1 | 1.19 (0.6–2.3) | 1.01 (0.5–1.9) | 0.84 | 1.0 | 1.02 (0.8–1.4) | 1.29 (0.9–1.8) | 0.21 |
| d | 1 | 0.96 (0.7–1.2) | 1.13 (0.9–1.5) | 0.46 | 1 | 1.20 (0.6–2.4) | 0.90 (0.4–1.8) | 0.69 | 1.0 | 0.94 (0.7–1.3) | 1.30 (0.9–1.7) | 0.21 |
| e | 1 | 0.96 (0.7–1.3) | 1.15 (0.9–1.5) | 0.39 | 1 | 1.17 (0.6–2.4) | 0.82 (0.4–1.7) | 0.59 | 1.0 | 0.94 (0.7–1.3) | 1.24 (0.9–1.7) | 0.18 |
| HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA | ||||||||||||
| a | 1 | 1.27 (1.0–1.6) | 1.35 (1.1–1.7) | 0.04 | 1 | 1.16 (0.6–2.2) | 1.51 (0.8–2.8) | 0.43 | 1.0 | 1.30 (1.0–1.7) | 1.34 (1.0–1.7) | 0.06 |
| b | 1 | 1.29 (1.0–1.7) | 1.42 (1.1–1.8) | 0.02 | 1 | 1.25 (0.7–2.4) | 1.62 (0.8–3.1) | 0.34 | 1.0 | 1.30 (1.0–1.7) | 1.34 (1.0–1.8) | 0.07 |
| c | 1 | 1.25 (1.0–1.7) | 1.29 (1.2–1.9) | 0.04 | 1 | 1.18 (0.6–2.3) | 1.47 (0.8–2.9) | 0.51 | 1.0 | 1.20 (0.9–1.6) | 1.24 (0.9–1.7) | 0.29 |
| d | 1 | 1.18 (0.9–1.5) | 1.22 (0.9–1.6) | 0.30 | 1 | 1.24 (0.6–2.4) | 1.38 (0.7–2.7) | 0.64 | 1.0 | 1.16 (0.9–1.5) | 1.13 (0.8–1.5) | 0.56 |
| e | 1 | 1.17 (0.9–1.7) | 1.15 (0.9–1.5) | 0.46 | 1 | 1.16 (0.6–2.3) | 1.47 (0.7–2.9) | 0.56 | 1.0 | 1.16 (0.9–1.5) | 1.07 (0.8–1.5) | 0.61 |
| HYPERTENSION | ||||||||||||
| a | 1 | 1.16 (0.9–1.5) | 1.27 (1.0–1.6) | 0.20 | 1 | 0.90 (0.5–1.7) | 1.05 (0.6–1.9) | 0.88 | 1.0 | 1.23 (0.9–1.6) | 1.32 (1.0–1.8) | 0.15 |
| b | 1 | 1.12 (0.9–1.6) | 1.45 (0.9–1.9) | 0.06 | 1 | 1.07 (0.5–2.1) | 1.25 (0.6–2.4) | 0.80 | 1.0 | 1.27 (0.9–1.7) | 1.45 (1.1–1.9) | 0.05 |
| c | 1 | 1.20 (0.9–1.7) | 1.32 (1.0–1.9) | 0.21 | 1 | 0.95 (0.5–1.9) | 1.10 (0.6–2.2) | 0.91 | 1.0 | 1.24 (0.9–1.7) | 1.37 (1.0–1.9) | 0.13 |
| d | 1 | 1.10 (0.8–1.4) | 1.24 (0.9–1.6) | 0.33 | 1 | 0.93 (0.5–1.8) | 1.16 (0.6–2.3) | 0.79 | 1.0 | 1.11 (0.8–1.5) | 1.24 (0.9–1.7) | 0.40 |
| e | 1 | 1.10 (0.8–1.4) | 1.20 (0.9–1.6) | 0.50 | 1 | 0.90 (0.4–1.8) | 1.16 (0.6–2.4) | 0.77 | 1.0 | 1.11 (0.8–1.5) | 1.19 (0.9–1.6) | 0.56 |
| FULL METS | ||||||||||||
| a | 1 | 1.55 (1.2–2.0) | 1.57 (1.2–2.0) | <0.01 | 1 | 1.49 (0.8–2.8) | 2.46 (1.3–4.7) | 0.02 | 1.0 | 1.35 (1.0–1.7) | 1.45 (1.1–1.9) | <0.01 |
| b | 1 | 1.61 (1.2–2.1) | 1.74 (1.3–2.3) | <0.01 | 1 | 1.82 (0.9–3.5) | 3.05 (1.5–6.0) | <0.01 | 1.0 | 1.53 (1.2–2.0) | 1.59 (1.2–2.1) | <0.01 |
| c | 1 | 1.54 (1.1–2.0) | 1.62 (1.2–2.2) | <0.01 | 1 | 1.31 (0.6–2.7) | 2.10 (1.1–4.4) | 0.03 | 1.0 | 1.48 (1.1–2.0) | 1.48 (1.1–2.0) | <0.01 |
| e | 1 | 1.59 (1.2–2.1) | 1.63 (1.2–2.2) | <0.01 | 1 | 1.29 (0.6–2.5) | 2.12 (1.1–4.6) | 0.03 | 1.0 | 1.46 (1.1–2.0) | 1.47 (1.1–2.0) | <0.01 |
Note: Data presented as odds ratio (95% confidence interval) (OR (95% CI)) and respective p-values representing odds of having different components of metabolic syndrome at higher tertiles of T-score (spine) compared to the lowest tertile. MetS is full metabolic syndrome; Ref is reference; Ter1, 2 and 3 are different tertiles of T-score. The data was generated by multinomial regression taking T-score tertiles as dependent variables and MetS and its components (present versus absent) as factors. Model “a” is univariate. All other models are additionally adjusted for age (model “b”), BMI (model “c”), all other MetS components (model “d”) and risk factors associated with bone loss like family history of diabetes, osteoporosis, arthritis, whether or not suffering from T2DM, thyroid disease, history of broken bones, etc. (model “e”). For full MetS, model “d” is excluded as it is a combination of these five components. p < 0.05 is considered significant.