| 6MWT | 6-min walking test |
| AE | Aerobic exercise |
| ASMM | Appendicular skeletal muscle mass |
| BIA | Bioelectrical impedance analysis |
| CT | Computerized tomography |
| DEXA | Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry |
| EAA | Essential amino acids |
| EWGSOP1 | European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 1 (2010 criteria) |
| EWGSOP2 | European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (2019 criteria) |
| FFM | Fat-free mass |
| HGS | Handgrip strength |
| HRT | Hormone replacement treatment |
| IADL | Instrumental activities of daily living |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| RCT | Randomized controlled trial |
| RT | Resistance training |
| SBBP | Short physical performance battery |
| SF-36 | Short form-36 questionnaire |
| SMI | Skeletal muscle index |
| SO | Sarcopenic obesity |
| WB-EMS | Whole-body electromyostimulation |