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. 2019 Jun 21;11(6):872. doi: 10.3390/cancers11060872

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Radiolabeled sdAb K2 allows visualization of human PD-L1^POS melanoma tumors by nuclear imaging. (A) Scheme of the experimental setup. (B) SPECT/CT images showing the biodistribution of ^99mTc-K2 or ^99mTc-R3B23 (control sdAb) one hour after i.v. administration in athymic nude mice bearing PD-L1^NEG (left) or PD-L1^POS (right) 624-MEL tumors (n = 6). (C,D) Ex vivo analysis of the accumulation of ^99mTc-sdAbs in dissected PD-L1^NEG or PD-L1^POS 624-MEL tumors (C, expressed as %IA/g), and of tumor-to-blood uptake ratios (D), 80 min after i.v. radiotracer injection (n = 6). (E) Percentage of human PD-L1^POS cells in tumors dissected from mice that were s.c. implanted with parental 624-MEL cells (PD-L1^NEG) or PD-L1-modified counterparts (PD-L1^POS), as measured by flow cytometry analysis of tumor single cell suspensions (n = 6). ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.