Figure 1.

Cellular effects of butyrate on VSMCs. Proliferating VSMCs treated with (BA) or without (Con) 5 mM butyrate for 72 h and processed for assessing butyrate-induced cellular effects. (A) Pseudocolored phase contrast images and corresponding nuclear images of VSMCs stained with Hoechst reveal butyrate-induced altered cell morphology and increase in size. The scale bar is 50 μm. (B) VSMC proliferation measured by cell counting indicate proliferation arrest by butyrate. ** p < 0.001 vs Control (Con).