Table 5.
Regression coefficients (95% CIs) for the associations between body composition and inflammatory cytokines and markers of T2D risk in black SA women.
| Fasting Glucose | Fasting Insulin | HbA1c | |||||||
| Estimate | 95%CI | p-Value | Estimate | 95%CI | p-Value | Estimate | 95%CI | p-Value | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 0.01 | −0.01–0.03 | 0.22 | 0.40 | 0.23–0.57 | <0.0001 | 0.01 | 0.00–0.02 | 0.04 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.02 | −0.02–0.06 | 0.25 | 0.65 | 0.34–0.95 | <0.0001 | 0.01 | −0.00–0.03 | 0.09 |
| VAT area (cm2) | 0.01 | 0.00–0.01 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.06–0.13 | <0.0001 | 0.00 | 0.00–0.00 | 0.02 |
| Body fat mass (kg) | 0.01 | −0.01–0.03 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.17–0.48 | <0.0001 | 0.01 | −0.00–0.01 | 0.14 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 0.01 | −0.01–0.03 | 0.20 | 0.15 | −0.04–0.34 | 0.11 | −0.01 | −0.02–0.00 | 0.06 |
| IL-8 (pg/mL) | −0.00 | −0.01–0.01 | 0.63 | −0.02 | −0.13–0.09 | 0.73 | −0.00 | −0.01–0.00 | 0.14 |
| MCP-1 (pg/mL) | 0.00 | −0.00–0.00 | 0.29 | 0.00 | −0.00–0.01 | 0.56 | −0.00 | −0.00–0.00 | 0.92 |
| HOMA2-IR | Two-Hour Glucose | Matsuda Index * | |||||||
| Estimate | 95%CI | p-Value | Estimate | 95%CI | p-Value | Estimate | 95%CI | p-Value | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 0.06 | 0.03–0.09 | <0.0001 | 0.04 | 0.01–0.08 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.00–0.02 | 0.008 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.10 | 0.04–0.15 | <0.0001 | 0.06 | −0.01–0.12 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.00–0.03 | 0.02 |
| VAT area (cm2) | 0.01 | 0.01–0.02 | <0.0001 | 0.02 | 0.01–0.02 | <0.0001 | 0.00 | 0.00–0.00 | 0.001 |
| Body fat mass (kg) | 0.05 | 0.02–0.08 | <0.0001 | 0.03 | −0.01–0.06 | 0.20 | 0.01 | 0.00–0.01 | 0.03 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 0.02 | −0.00–0.05 | 0.10 | 0.03 | −0.02–0.07 | 0.26 | 0.00 | −0.00–0.01 | 0.13 |
| IL-8 (pg/mL) | −0.00 | −0.02–0.01 | 0.70 | −0.01 | −0.03–0.01 | 0.19 | −0.00 | −0.00–0.00 | 0.39 |
| MCP-1 (pg/mL) | 0.00 | −0.00–0.00 | 0.49 | 0.00 | −0.00–0.00 | 0.16 | 0.00 | −0.00–0.00 | 0.58 |
Regression coefficients correspond to Path β in Figure 2b. All estimates were adjusted for the potential effects of age. BMI, body mass index; DII, dietary inflammatory index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HOMA2-IR, Homeostasis Model Assessment- insulin resistance; IL-8; Interleukin-8, MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; VAT, visceral adipose tissue. * Matsuda index was modelled as an inverse variable in order to calculate the proportion of mediation effect, thus the regression coefficients are positive instead of negative.