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. 2019 Jun 17;20(12):2957. doi: 10.3390/ijms20122957

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Quercetin inhibits the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and inhibitor of nuclear factor κ-B kinase (IKK)α/β in IL-1β-stimulated ARPE-19 cells. ARPE-19 cells were treated with 20 µM quercetin for 1 h prior to the stimulation with 1 ng/mL IL-1β for the indicated time. Western blotting and Image Lab software were used to analyze and quantify the phosphorylation of (A) extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, (B) p38, (C) c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 and (D) IKKα/β. The data are expressed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. ^# p < 0.05 versus control cells. * p < 0.05 versus IL-1β-stimulated cells.