Table 1.
Each drug class contains drugs with more and less observed mitochondrial toxicity.
| Drug Class | Rank order of Toxicity Observed (High to Low) | Target Organ |
|---|---|---|
| Anti-diabetic (thiazolidinediones) | Trovan * (troglitazone), Avandia (rosiglitazone), Actos (pioglitazone) |
Liver [53] |
| Cholesterol lowering (statins) | Baycol * (cerivastatin), Zocor (simvastatin), Lipitor (atorvastatin), Lescol (fluvastatin) |
Muscle [53] |
| Anti-diabetic (biguanides) | Phenformin * (N-phenethylbiguanide), Buformin *(1-butylbiguanide), Glucophage (metformin) |
Lactic acidosis [55] |
| Anti-depressant/anxiety (SARIs) | Zerzone * (nefazodone), Desyrel (trazodone), Buspar (buspirone) |
Liver [54] |
| Anti-lipidemic (fibrates) | Lopid (gemfibrozil), Lipanor (ciprofibrate), Trilepix (fenofibrate) |
Liver [53] |
| Pain medication (NSAIDs) | Avalanche * (celebrex), Mobic (meloxicam), Voltaran (dichlofenac), Felden (piroxicam), Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) |
Liver, intestine [56] |
| Antibiotics (fluoroquinolones) | Trovan * (trovafloxicin), Levaquin (levafloxicin), Cetraxal (ciprofloxicin) |
Liver [57] |
| Anti-cancer (topoisomerase inhibitors) | Adriamycin (doxorubicin) | Heart [58,59,60,61] |
* withdrawn from the market.