Table 4.
Association between E-DII score and breast cancer in the MCC-Spain Study (n = 3138) .
| Control/Case | Models | E-DII Score Categories | p for Trend | p for Interaction | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per 1-Point Increment in the E-DII Score | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||||
| ≤−2.15 | (−2.15, −1.01) | (−1.01, 0.426) | >0.426 | ||||||
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |||||
| All women | 1652/1486 | Simple | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.17 (0.95–1.45) | 1.13 (0.92–1.39) | 1.25 (1.02–1.55) | 0.06 | |
| 1628/1471 | Final | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.16 (0.94–1.43) | 1.13 (0.91–1.39) | 1.22 (0.99–1.52) | 0.10 | ||
| 1628/1140 | Sensitivity | 1.03 (0.99–1.08) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.17 (0.93–1.47) | 1.09 (0.87–1.37) | 1.19 (0.94–1.50) | 0.24 | ||
| BC subtypes | |||||||||
| HR+ 1 | 1628/986 | Final | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.17 (0.92–1.49) | 1.17 (0.93–1.49) | 1.22 (0.95–1.55) | 0.14 | |
| HER2+ 1 | 1628/251 | Final | 1.04 (0.96–1.13) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.85 (1.21–2.83) | 1.27 (0.81–1.98) | 1.56 (1.01–2.04) | 0.24 | |
| TN1 | 1628/105 | Final | 1.02 (0.91–1.14) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.67 (0.37–1.23) | 0.78 (0.44–1.39) | 0.99 (0.56–1.75) | 0.97 | |
| Menopausal status | |||||||||
| Premenopausal | 469/526 | Stratified 1 | 1.01 (0.94–1.08) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.94 (0.60–1.47) | 0.97 (0.64–1.48) | 1.05 (0.70–1.57) | 0.71 | 0.33 |
| Postmenopausal | 1159/945 | 1.06 (1.01–1.12) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.23 (0.97–1.58) | 1.19 (0.93–1.54) | 1.30 (0.99–1.69) | 0.08 | ||
| HRT use | |||||||||
| Never | 1448/1335 | Stratified 2 | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.16 (0.93–1.46) | 1.16 (0.92–1.45) | 1.22 (0.97–1.53) | 0.11 | 0.54 |
| Ever | 125/103 | 1.12 (0.93–1.34) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.88 (0.38–2.05) | 1.12 (0.47–2.64) | 1.47 (0.62–3.49) | 0.35 | ||
| OC use | |||||||||
| No | 828/764 | Stratified 3 | 1.05 (0.99–1.11) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.25 (0.94–1.66) | 1.35 (1.01–1.81) | 1.20 (0.88–1.63) | 0.18 | 0.87 |
| Yes | 800/707 | 1.04 (0.98–1.10) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.10 (0.79–1.52) | 0.97 (0.71–1.33) | 1.25 (0.91–1.71) | 0.25 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||||||
| Normal weight | 843/718 | Stratified 4 | 1.04 (0.98–1.10) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.88 (0.64–1.21) | 1.01 (0.74–1.38) | 1.20 (0.88–1.63) | 0.15 | 0.99 |
| Overweight and Obese | 785/753 | 1.05 (0.99–1.12) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.49 (1.11–2.01) | 1.25 (0.93–1.68) | 1.29 (0.95–1.76) | 0.23 | ||
| Physical activity 2 | |||||||||
| Inactive | 625/608 | Stratified 5 | 1.06 (0.99–1.12) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.92 (1.33–2.78) | 1.63 (1.14–2.34) | 1.48 (1.04–2.10) | 0.13 | 0.92 |
| Active | 1003/863 | 1.03 (0.97–1.09) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.93 (0.71–1.21) | 0.90 (0.69–1.18) | 1.14 (0.86–1.51) | 0.45 | ||
| Tobacco smoking | |||||||||
| Current/Former smokers | 647/656 | Stratified 6 | 1.05 (0.98–1.11) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.85 (0.59–1.22) | 1.01 (0.71–1.44) | 1.15 (0.81–1.61) | 0.21 | 0.15 |
| Never smokers | 981/815 | 1.03 (0.97–1.09) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.40 (1.07–1.82) | 1.19 (0.91–1.57) | 1.19 (0.89–1.59) | 0.39 | ||
BMI, body mass index; CRC, colorectal cancer; E-DII; energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index; HRT, hormone replacement therapy; MCC, Multi-case-control Spain study; NSADs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; OC, oral contraceptive. Simple model: Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, study area, and educational level. Final model: Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, study area, educational level, family history of breast cancer, tobacco smoking, HRT use, OC use, age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, number of children, menopausal status, physical activity, and BMI. Sensitivity analysis excluding cases that had more than six months between the data of diagnosis and the interview: Logistic regression analyses adjusted for the same variables as Final model. Stratified 1: Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, study area, educational level, family history of breast cancer, tobacco smoking, HRT use, OC use, age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, number of children, physical activity, and BMI. Stratified 2: Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, study area, educational level, family history of breast cancer, tobacco smoking, OC use, age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, number of children, menopausal status, physical activity, and BMI. Stratified 3: Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, study area, educational level, family history of breast cancer, tobacco smoking, HRT use, age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, number of children, menopausal status, physical activity, and BMI. Stratified 4: Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, study area, educational level, family history of breast cancer, tobacco smoking, HRT use, OC use, age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, number of children, menopausal status, and physical activity. Stratified 5: Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, study area, educational level, family history of breast cancer, tobacco smoking, HRT use, OC use, age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, number of children, menopausal status, and BMI. Stratified 6: Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, study area, educational level, family history of breast cancer, HRT use, OC use, age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, number of children, menopausal status, physical activity, and BMI. 1 HR+: hormone receptor positive tumors (ER+ or PR+ with HER2-); HER2+: human epidermal growth factor receptor positive tumors, independent of ER or PR; TN: triple negative tumors (ER-, PR-, and HER2-). In 131 breast cancer cases, tumor subtype was not available, hence were excluded. 2 Categorized as inactive and active (including "moderately active", "active”, and "very active")