Table 1.

Cell type specific hPGDS expression and reported PGD₂ release.

	Cell Type	Species	hPGDS Expression	Stimuli	PGD2 Release	Ref.
Parenchymal Cells	Epithelial cells	ms hu	mRNA, protein mRNA, protein	RSV infection Unstimulated IL-13, IL-4	1.2 ng/mL 100 pg/mL 25–50 pg/mL	[43,93] [93] [105]
	Endothelial cells	hu	LPGDS-mRNA, protein LPGDS-protein	sheer stress tumor CM	150 pg/mL 600 pg/mL	[101] [102]
	Smooth muscle cells	ms	mRNA, protein	OVA lung inflammation		[103]
	Keratinocytes	hu	protein	antimycotics	8 ng/106 cells	[97]
Immune Cells	Monocytes	hu		unstimulated	66 fmol/106 cells	[67]
	Macrophages	ms	protein mRNA	LPS zymosan A -(peritoneal lavage)	20 ng/mL 800 pg/mouse	[29,73] [75]
		hu	mRNA	IL-4, HDM	400 pg/mL	[77]
		rat	protein			[11,63]
	Dendritic cells	hu	mRNA, protein	LPS, INF-γ	250 pg/106 cells	[82]
		rat, h	protein			[63,83]
	Eosinophils	ms hu	mRNA, protein mRNA, protein	eotaxin/A23187 eotaxin/A23187	15 pg/2 × 106 cells 15–80 pg/2 × 106	[33]
		hu	mRNA, protein	Lysin-Aspirin	1.5 ng/105 cells	[50]
	Neutrophils	ms	protein			[14]
	Basophils	ms hu	mRNA, protein protein	TNP-OVA (IgE) IL-3, anti IgE	700 pg/5 × 105 cells 100 pg/5 × 105 cells	[56] [56,57]
	Mast cells	hu   rat		anti-IgE anti-IgE anti-IgE	40 ng/106 cells 1 ng/104 cells 13 ng/106 cells	[39] [106] [39]
		ms	protein			[41,42,44]
	ILC2	hu	mRNA mRNA	IL-33, IL-25, TSLP	1.5 ng/mL	[84] [107]
	Th2 cells	hu	mRNA, protein	OKT3, KOLT-2	30 ng/5 × 105	[88]
		hu	protein	PMA, ionomycin	70 pg/mL	[89]

Abbreviations: ILC—innate lymphoid cells, Th2—CD4⁺ type-2 helper T cells, ms—mouse, hu—human, IgE—Immunoglobulin E, TNP—2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl hapten, OVA—ovalbumin, LPS—lipopolysaccharide, TSLP—thymic stromal lymphopoietin, RSV—respiratory syncytial virus, CM—conditioned medium, HDM—house dust mite, PMA—phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, OKT-3—anti-CD3 antibody, KOLT-2—anti-CD28 antibody.