Table 1.
Socio-demographic and clinical description (mean ± sd) of early school-aged children with and without perinatal HIV infection/exposure from Kampala, Uganda 1.
| Demographic | Regardless of HIV Status | HIV Unexposed Uninfected | HIV Exposed Uninfected | Perinatally HIV Infected | p-Value 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 240) | (n = 79) | (n = 77) | (n = 84) | ||
| Age (years) | 8.06 ± 1.53 | 8.14 ± 1.51 | 7.89 ± 1.47 | 8.13 ± 1.61 | 0.509 |
| Sex (n = 240) | |||||
| Male | 126 (53%) | 45 (57%) | 36 (47%) | 45 (54%) | 0.430 |
| Female | 114 (47%) | 34 (43%) | 41 (53%) | 39 (46%) | |
| Height (cm) | 124 ± 9.97 | 125 ± 9.68 | 124 ± 10.5 | 122 ± 9.67 | 0.175 |
| Weight (kg) | 23.4 ± 5.11 | 24.0 ± 5.38 | 23.2 ± 4.81 | 23.0 ± 5.14 | 0.509 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 13.1 ± 1.30 | 13.2 ± 1.05 | 13.1 ± 1.52 | 12.9 ± 1.29 | 0.191 |
| BAZ | −0.55 ± 1.05 | −0.59 ± 1.14 | −0.60 ± 1.04 | −0.48 ± 0.97 | 0.740 |
| HAZ | −0.22 ± 1.11 | −0.02 ± 1.03 | 0.00 ± 1.24 | −0.61 ± 0.95 | 0.003 |
| WAZ | −0.50 ± 1.02 | −0.38 ± 0.97 | −0.40 ± 1.09 | −0.70 ± 0.99 | 0.081 |
| CD4 count (cells/uL) | - | - | - | 1340 ± 898 | - |
| Caregiver Education (n = 233) 3 | |||||
| none-some primary | 94 (39%) | 24 (30%) | 38 (49%) | 32 (38%) | 0.023 |
| completed primary | 48 (20%) | 16 (20%) | 17 (22%) | 15 (18%) | |
| some or completed O levels | 72 (30%) | 25 (32%) | 19 (25%) | 28 (33%) | |
| ≥some A levels | 19 (8%) | 12 (15%) | 1 (1%) | 6 (7%) |
1 Hb, hemoglobin; BAZ, BMI-for-age z-score; HAZ, height-for-age z-score; WAZ, weight-for-age z-score. 2 ANOVA used to compare variable means amongst HIV groups except for the categorical variables ‘Sex’ and ‘Education’ for which Χ2 test was used. 3 Grading system based on old U.K. standards. O = ordinary level examinations taken until 16 years of age, A = advanced level examinations for students continuing education until 18 years. Not disclosed by seven caregivers. Bolding indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05).