Fig. 4.
CpdX, CpdX-D3, and their enantiomers are as efficient as Dex at curing a DSS-induced Th17 ulcerative colitis. (A) Experimental protocol for DSS-induced colitis in BALB/c mice. (B) Hematoxylin and eosin staining of colon sections. Solid arrows, mucosal inflammatory cell infiltration; dotted arrows, submucosal inflammatory cell infiltration; arrow head, ulceration (Scale bar, 50 µm in Upper and 20 µm in Lower.). (C) The qRT-PCR for transcripts of proinflammatory genes in colons of mice treated as indicated. Th17- and Th2-specific proinflammatory interleukins are highlighted. Data are represented as mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments with at least four mice per treatment. The statistical significance compared with the DSS+Vehicle treatment was calculated by Student t test; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.