Figure 4. Cell proliferation and glucose metabolism decrease in advanced atherosclerotic plaques.

(A) Intimal ²H-glucose labeling in advanced plaques (atherogenic diet for 22 weeks). Each dot denotes an individual cell. Data was pooled from n = 3 mice. Bars denote median ± interquartile range. Significance was assessed by Mann-Whitney U test. (B) ²H-glucose labeling in foam cells versus VSMCs of advanced atherosclerotic plaques (atherogenic diet for 22 weeks). Each dot denotes an individual cell. Data were pooled from n = 3 mice. Bars denote median ± interquartile range. Significance was assessed by nonparametric ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. (C) Frequency of proliferation (%¹⁵N-labeled) by cell type in established versus advanced atherosclerosis. Each dot represents the average frequency in 1 mouse (n = 3 mice per time point). Significance was assessed by 2-sided t test.