Figure 4. Effect of hypertension on gut pathology, inflammation, and isolevuglandin formation in humans.

(A) Representative histological staining images with H&E and Masson’s trichrome for fibrosis as well as immunohistochemical analysis for infiltration of T cells and macrophages of colon sections of normotensive and hypertensive humans obtained from the Vanderbilt Cooperative Human Tissue Network. (B) Immunofluorescent representatives for isolevuglandin (IsoLG) staining. (C) Average data showing trichrome staining in normotensive and hypertensive individuals. (D) Average data for T cells. (E) Average data showing macrophages in hypertensive compared with normotensives. (F) Average data showing IsoLG accumulation in colon sections from hypertensive when compared with normotensive humans (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.001 using 2-tailed unpaired Student’s t tests).