Table 2.
Curricular coverage, school years and the course of learning topics for tobacco cessation training in responding pharmacy schools in Japan
| Topics | Model Core Curriculum | Year, M (IQR) | Respondents, n=52 (%) | ||||
| Total | Core requisite | Elective | Elective (non-credit) | ||||
| Basic knowledge of tobacco cessation education | |||||||
| 1 Population-based trends of tobacco use in Japan | Related | 1) | 3 (2–3) | 56 | 50 | 6 | 0 |
| 2 Health-related problems of tobacco use | Related | 3 (2–3) | 60 | 54 | 6 | 0 | |
| 3 Health-related problems of secondhand smoke | Related | 3 (2–3) | 56 | 48 | 8 | 0 | |
| 4 Forms of tobacco used in Japan | None | 3 (3–5) | 14 | 8 | 4 | 2 | |
| 5 Pharmacological effects of nicotine | Listed | 2) | 3 (2–3) | 65 | 62 | 4 | 0 |
| 6 Principles of nicotine addiction | Listed | 3 (3–3) | 52 | 50 | 2 | 0 | |
| 7 Aids for cessation (dosing, side effects, etc) | Listed | 4 (3–4) | 46 | 40 | 6 | 0 | |
| 8 Drug interactions associated with smoking | Listed | 3 (3–4) | 44 | 42 | 2 | 0 | |
| 9 Withdrawal effects and health benefits of tobacco cessation | None | 4 (3–4) | 39 | 35 | 4 | 0 | |
| Practical skills for tobacco cessation education | |||||||
| 1 The 5 As | None | 4 (3–5) | 15 | 12 | 2 | 2 | |
| 2 The 5 Rs | None | 4 (3–5) | 15 | 12 | 2 | 2 | |
| 3 The brief intervention model (ask, advise and refer) | None | 5 (4–6) | 10 | 6 | 2 | 2 | |
| 4 Tobacco user’s readiness to quit smoking | None | 4 (3–5) | 14 | 12 | 2 | 0 | |
| 5 Cognitive and behavioural strategies for quitting | None | 4 (2–5) | 10 | 8 | 0 | 2 | |
| 6 Motivation interview for quitting | None | 4 (2–5) | 10 | 8 | 0 | 2 | |
| 7 Counsel patients on proper use of the aids for cessation | Related | 3) | 4 (3–4) | 19 | 15 | 2 | 2 |
| 8 The daily costs of the aids for cessation compared with cigarette smoking | None | 4 (2–6) | 15 | 10 | 4 | 2 | |
| 9 Tailored strategies to assist patients with quitting and following-up based on role-playing scenarios | None | 5 (3–6) | 10 | 6 | 2 | 2 | |
| 10 Health effects of new tobacco products, including heated tobacco products | Related | 4) | 3 (1–5) | 14 | 10 | 4 | 0 |
Model Core Curriculum category (number: title):
1) D-(2)−3: Lifestyle related Diseases and their prevention.
2) E2-(4): Drugs used for the treatment of Respiratory and digestive tract disorders.
3) E2-(9): Over-the-counter and behind-the-counter drugs and self-medication.
F2-(4): Professional attitudes and behaviours of practice, patient education and counselling.
F-(5)−3: Role of pharmacists in primary care and self-medication.
4) F-(5)−2: Advancing pharmacy health literacy in the community.