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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Aug 20.
Published in final edited form as: Gene. 2019 Mar 5;710:17–23. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.078

Table 2.

Overview of the pros and cons of the use of undifferentiated versus differentiated MSCs in vitro and in vivo for peripheral nerve repair.

Cell type In vitro In vivo
Pros Cons Pros Cons
Undifferentiated MSCs - No extended preparation time
- No extra preparation costs		 - Less expression of neurotrophic genes
- Less production of neurotrophic growth factors		 - No extended preparation time
- No extra preparation costs
- Functional outcomes comparable to differentiated MSCs		 - Histologically less axon regeneration
Differentiated MSCs - Enhanced expression of neurotrophic genes
- Enhanced production of neurotrophic growth factors
- Extended number and length of neurites
- Suitable for human MSCs		 - Extended preparation time
- Extra preparation costs		 - Increased axon regeneration distance
- Enhanced vascularity		 - Inconsistency about functional outcomes
- Extended preparation time
- Extra preparation costs